2023年中考英语数词专题冲刺讲义

2023全国通用中考数词专题冲刺讲义(含答案) 【中考真题】 (2020宿迁,60)Karl Marx began to learn another foreign language in his _(fifty). fifties (2020淮安,56)The manager's room is right above mine. It's on the_(three) floor. third (2020云南,68)Nick gave his mother a scarf on her _(forty)birthday. That made her very happy. fortieth 数词分基数词和序数词。 考点一 基数词 定义:表示数目的词叫基数词。 1.基数词的表示方法 (1)最基本的基数词 1 one 13 thirteen 20 twenty 2 two 14 fourteen 30 thirty 3 three 15 fifteen 40 forty 4 four 16 sixteen 50 fifty 5 five 17 seventeen 60 sixty 6 six 18 eighteen 70 seventy 7 seven 19 nineteen 80 eighty 8 eight 90 ninety 9 nine 100 a hundred 10 ten 1,000 a thousand 11 eleven 1,000,000 a million 12 twelve (2)基数词1—12是独立单词,需逐个记忆。基数词13 —19是在个位数词后加-teen构成,其中thirteen, fifteen, eighteen属不规则变化。整十基数词20—90是在个位基数 词后面加-ty 构成,其中twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty 属不规则变化。非整十基数词21.22—99是在整十基数词后面加上个位数词构成,中间 加上连字符“-”。 73 seventy-three ; 88 eighty-eight (3)三位以上的基数词,在百位和十位之间一般要用连词and。 1,342 one thousand, three hundred and forty-two (4)英语中没有“万”和“亿”这两个基数词,在表示 “万”和“亿”时,要按十进位法来推算。 10,000 可写成 ten thousand 100,000,000 可写成 a hundred million 35,845 可写成 thirty-five thousand,eight hundred and forty -five (5) hundred, thousand,million,billion, dozen, score这些词前面如有表示具体数字的词,它们末尾不能加“-s” 且不能与of连用;反之则末尾需加“-s”,与of连用。 three hundred people 三百个人;thousands of people 成千上万的人 2.基数词的读法 从后往前数,每隔三位加一个“,”。第一个“,”前读thousand,第二个“,”前读 million,第三个“,”前读 billion。年代的读法是一般两位两位地读。 3 .基数词的用法 (1)从句子成分上分析,基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。 Four of them went to the factory.他们中的四个人去了工厂。(主语) I want two.我要两个。(宾语) My classmate is eighteen.我的同班同学 18 岁。(表语) 注意:如数词和定冠词连用,表示全部。 The four of them went to the factory. 他们四个人都去了工厂。 I want the two.我要那两个。 (2)用基数词表示编号。 Today we are going to study Lesson Five. 今天我们要学习第五课。 He lives in Room 801.他住在 801 房间。 (3)用基数词表示钟点。 ①表示整点 Ifs two o'clock.现在是两点钟。 ②先点后分,顺读法。如:8:53 eight fifty-three ③先分后点,倒读法。 前半小时用“分钟数+ past +已过钟点数”,如 : 7 : 20 twenty past seven; 后半小时用“(60 -分钟数)+to+下一个钟点数”,如:6 :35 twenty-five to seven ; 正好半点用“ half past +已过钟点数”,如:8:30 half past eight; 一刻用“quarte