内容正文:
第三部分
写作
专题六
读后续写
第二讲
双线深耕——提升表达•写作技法
第四节
写作技法1——情节构建
第一步:确定主题、人物、结尾句
从图中可以看出,记叙文情节的发展总是起起伏伏。但是,无论情节如何跌宕起伏,从头到尾总是围绕主题进行,即情节为主题服务。因此,首先要通读并理解原文,确定文章主题、主要人物以及可能的结尾句。
思考问题,构建思路:
1.Who is the main character of the story and who are the secondary characters?
2.What's the main idea of the passage?
3.What does the author want to tell us?
4.What's the theme of the story? What is the theme revealed to you in the story?
5.Can you predict how the story ends after reading it?
6.What lesson can you learn from the story?
第二步:研读提示句,确定框架
通读原文,把握主题之后,研读并分析原文最后情节及其与两段开头提示语的关系,确定续写和原文的合理衔接。续写第一段的情节必须与第二段情节高度融合;根据第二个开头提示语以及文章的主题,确定第二段续写第一句和最后一句(即全文结尾句)。
思考问题,构建思路:
1.What might happen according to the last paragraph of the text and the given sentence of Para.1?
2.According to the given sentence of Para.2, what should be mentioned at the end of Para.1?
3.According to the given sentence of Para.2, what will happen next?
4.What should be mentioned at the end of the story?
5.What might be the ending of the story?
6.Are you satisfied with the ending of the story?
7.Do you think it logical to end the story in this way?
第三步:运用“5W1H”,完善内容
根据记叙文的特点,可以通过“5W1H”(who, what, when, where, which, how)设问法,通过提问进行头脑风暴,选择可以使用的关键内容,挑选紧扣文章主题并推动故事情节发展的关键要素,进而完善故事内容。可以通过以下问题打开思维:
①某人何时何地做了什么事情(who/when/where/what)
②怎样做的(how)
③为什么这样做(why)
④出现了什么问题:看到了什么;听到了什么;说了什么
⑤有什么感受等。
具体表现为第一段的情节发展最终指向该段的结尾句并与第二段提示语衔接。第二段的情节可以运用第一段的方法进行完善。两段续写的不同之处是情节发展到第二段时,故事已接近尾声,结尾可采用以下几种方式:问题得到解决、误会得到化解、观念得到转变,或者是主人公的感悟、启发或成长等升华主题的内容。
总之,情节构建要减少平铺直叙,避免流水账,要有情节上的冲突和波折。总体构架可简述为:出现问题—解决问题—再次出现问题—最终解决问题—体会与感悟。
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Life is full of imperfect things and imperfect people. Spending time with those who really matter to us and learning to accept each other's faults is one of the most important keys to creating a healthy, growing, and lasting relationship.
When I was young, my mom and I liked to make breakfast food for dinner every now and then. Dad had almost no time to stay with us. In his eyes, work was