Unit 4 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking & Learning About Language（教师用书word）-2022-2023学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册【精讲精练】人教版

“探险”，既是人类对未知的挑战，也是人类对自身的挑战。“探险”，有成功的欣喜，也有失败的悲壮。探险过程中的任何艰难险阻，都阻挡不了人类探索未知世界的激情，阻挡不了人类迈向全新领域的脚步。欧内斯特·亨利·沙克尔顿把自己的一生奉献给了南极探险。 Ernest Henry Shackleton Ernest Henry Shackleton was born on February 15th 1874 in Ireland.The second of ten children，he was brought up in London，attending Dulwich College before joining the Merchant Navy aged 16. Shackleton was certified as a Master Mariner in 1898 and was accepted in 1901 on the Discovery expedition to Antarctica led by Robert Scott.He was chosen to accompany Scott on the most southern march towards the South Pole for research purposes，returning home due to ill health. On January 1st 1908 he led a crew on the Nimrod expedition，sailing to Antarctica again.Trekking towards the South Pole in the quest to be first，they reached the closest ever achieved before turning back or facing certain death.It was a race against starvation but they made it back to the ship just in time to return to England. On his return he was greeted as a hero by King Edward Ⅶ.After the South Pole was reached by Roald Amundsen in 1912 he decided to plan for the last great Antarctic expedition，to cross the continent. On August 8th 1914 he set sail from Plymouth.Encountering awful weather，the Endurance became stuck in the ice before sinking in November 1915.With no chance of rescue or raising the alarm，Shackleton planned a daring and dangerous rescue to sail in a lifeboat to South Georgia and reach a whaling station. With four other crew they launched the James Caird into the seas of the Antarctica and against all the odds they reached South Georgia.Then having to go across mountain ranges to the other side of the island they finally reached help on May 20th 1916 before rescuing the rest of the crew on August 30th. In September 1921 Shackleton embarked on another expedition to Antarctica on the ship Quest.Whilst in South Georgia Shackleton suffered a fatal heart attack and died on January 5th 1922.He was buried in the Grytviken cemetery in South Georgia. Sir E