内容正文:
第04讲 形容词副词的比较级和最高级
知识点复习+习题跟踪训练
【知识复习】
形容词比较级和最高级的构成:
构成方式
例词
规则变化
单音节和部分双音节词
一般在词尾加-er,-est
small→smaller→smallest
high→higher→highest
以不发音的字母e结尾的词,加-r,-st
large→larger→largest
nice→nicer→nicest
以两个辅音字母加一个元音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写词尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est
big→bigger→biggest
thin→thinner→thinnest
以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词,变y为i,再加-er,-est
ugly→uglier→ugliest
busy→busier→busiest
少数以er或ow结尾的双音节词,词尾加-er,-est
narrow→narrower→narrowest
clever→cleverer→cleverest
多音节
其他双音节词和多音节词及分词形容词,在词前加more,most
important→more important→most important tired→more tired→most tired
quickly →more quickly →most quickly
不规则变化
bad/ill→worse→worst;much/many→more→most;good/well→better→best;
far→farther/further→farthest/furthest;old→older/elder→oldest /eldest;little→less→least
【巧学顺口溜】
合二为一共三对,坏病两多和两好;
一分为二有两个,一是远来二是老;
还有一词含双义,只记少来不记小。
(对应的词为:bad/ill,many/much,good/well,far,old,little)
考向二 形容词和副词的原级、 比较级和最高级的用法:
1. 形容词和副词的原级的用法:
(1)讲述某人/物自身的情况时, 用原级。 基本句型是:
主语 + 谓语动词 + (very/too/so/quite/rather„) + 形容词/副词原级 +...
Eg: He is very old now.
(2)表示两者之间没有差别时, 使用句型:
主语 + 谓语动词 + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 宾语 +...
Eg: He is as excited as his younger sister.
(3) 表示第一个人比不上第二个人时, 使用句型:
主语+ 谓语动词(否定式) + as / so + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 宾语+„.
Eg: He is not so / as excited as his younger sister.
2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法:--than
1)“A+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+B”表示“A比B…”或“A比B…几倍”。
Eg: Tom is taller than Kate.
This room is three times bigger than that one.
2)“A+实意动词+(倍数)+副词比较级+than+B”表示“A比B…”或“A比B…几倍”。
Eg:I got up earlier than my mother this morning.
He runs three times faster than his brother.
3. 形容词和副词最高级的用法:--the
1)“主语+be+the+形容词最高级(+单数名词)+in/of...”……是……中最……的。
Eg: Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.
This apple is the biggest of the five.
2)“主语+实意动词+(the)+副词最高级+in/of...”表示“……是……中最……的”。
Eg: I jump (the) farthest in my class.
4. 关于比较等级的重要注释:
1、 以上七个句型中, 如果动词是及物或不及物动词, 则后面用副词; 如果后面是连系动词, 则后面用形容词。
Eg: This car is the fastest of the four. (形容词) (这辆汽车是四辆之中最快的)
This car runs (the) fastest of the four. (副词)