Unit1 过去分词作状语 学案 2021-2022学年高中英语外研版必修第三册

过去分词作状语

一.过去分词作状语的基本用法

1.过去分词作状语的功能

过去分词作状语时，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语表示的动作或状态是同时或几乎同时发生的，有时先于谓语动词的动作发生；其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语；过去分

词与主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。

e.g. Built thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful.

He walked slowly in the forest, followed by a dog.

 

2.过去分词作状语的类型

过去分词作状语时，可以表示原因、条件、让步、时间、方式和伴随状况。过去分词作方式状语和伴随状语时可以变为并列分句，作其他状语时可以变为相应的状语从句。

①原因

e.g. Encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.

 →As he is encouraged by the progress…

②条件

e.g. Given more time, we could do it much better.

→If we were given more time, …

③让步

e.g. Wounded, the brave soldier continued to fight.

→Although he was wounded, …

④时间

e.g. Discussed many times, the problems were settled at last.

→After they were discussed many times, …

⑤方式

e.g. The old man walked into the room, supported by his son.

→The old man walked into the room and was supported by his son.

⑥伴随

e.g.  Mrs Wu came in, followed by her daughter.

→Mrs Wu came in and she was followed by her daughter.

 

3.过去分词作状语的位置

过去分词作状语时，通常放在句首或句末，有时也可放在句中。

 

 

二.过去分词作状语的注意事项

1.过去分词作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带有连词，如：when, while, if, though, as if, unless等，构成“连词+过去分词”结构，以使句意表达得更清楚。

e.g. Unless constantly repeated, the English words are easily forgotten.

When asked why she came here, the girl kept silent.

He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.

 

2.过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致(现在分词作状语同样如此)，否则需加上自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。

e.g. Given a chance, we can surprise the world.

He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.

 

3.有些形容词化的过去分词，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词（短语）常见的有：lost(迷失的)，seated(坐下来的)，hidden(隐藏的)，lost/absorbed in(沉浸于)，dressed in(穿着)，tired of(厌烦)等。

e.g. Lost in thought, he didn't hear the bell.

 

三.过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别

1. 过去分词作状语：过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即表