内容正文:
必修一---M3
一般现在时
1.结构:
动词原形(主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词用第三人称单数)
一般情况下直接加-s
walk—walks, play—plays, say--says
以s. x. sh. ch. o尾 加-es
watch—watches , go—goes
“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i, 再加-es,
fly—flies,study-studies
特殊情况
have→has, do→does, go→goes
2.用法:
1)表示习惯性、经常性或的动作或反复发生的动作、存在的状态,常与always, usually, often, sometimes, regularly, every morning/ night, occasionally, from time to time, now and then (时常), twice a week, rarely, seldom, once a month, hardly, ever, never表示频度的副词或时间状语连用。
e.g I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2)表示客观事实、普遍真理或用在格言谚语中。
e.g The earth moves around the sun.// Light travels faster than sound.
Knowledge is power. // Pride goes before a fall.
3)表示主语现在的身份、特征、能力、性格等,或说话时的感觉、状态等。
e.g This job calls for great patience.
I feel very cold. // I don’t think you are right.
4)“主将从现”,主句用一般将来时态,在以after/ when/ while/ as soon as/ before/ once/ if/ unless等引导的时间或条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。
e.g. If it is fine tomorrow, we shall visit the Great Wall.
We will go swimming after you finish your work.
5) 表示按规定、计划、安排或时刻表等将要发生的动作,通常要加上表示将来的时间状语。能这样用的动词多为表示开始、结束或位置变化等的词,come, go, arrive, leave, return, start, begin, finish, end, move, fly…
e.g The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
The meeting begins at 2:00 in the afternoon and ends at 5:00.
6)在某些以here, there开头的句子中(倒装句),用一般现在时表正在发生的动作。
e.g Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.
现在进行时
1.结构:be ( am / is / are ) +动词现在分词(v.ing)
现在分词的变化规则
1)一般情况下直接在动词后面+ ing sleep----sleeping
2)以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e再+ing bite-----biting
3)以辅元辅结尾的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母再+ing . swim--swimming, sit--sitting, begin--beginning, stop--stopping
4)以ie结尾的重读闭音节,变ie为y+ing . die---dying, lie----lying, tie--tying
5)结尾为c且c读作/k/时,在结尾加k再加ing. picnic-picnicking
2.用法:
1)表示此时此刻或现阶段 正在进行的动作或持续的状态。时间状语:now, at the moment, at six o’clock...look! Listen!
e.g We are waiting for you.
He is writing a book about Chinese history these days.(说话时未必正在进行)
2) 某些非延续性动词可用现在进行时表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。能这样用的动词有go/ come/ start/ leave/ r