内容正文:
专题二
阅读理解
第二节
推理判断题
高考总复习 一轮复习导学案 · 数学(提高版)
二轮提优导学案·英语
英语阅读中,有时作者并未把写作意图直接表达出来,读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓意,这就是推理判断题。高考阅读理解中,推理判断题所占比重较大,难度也大。做推理判断题要以文中的信息为依据,对信息进行同义转述或推出其中的弦外之意。结论既不能在原文中找不到依据,也不能过度推理。同时,考生应多了解国外文化与习俗,有助于更深层次地理解文章。
推理判断题主要包括推断隐含意思,推断观点态度,推断写作意图,推断文章来源,推断文中人物身份或读者对象,推断写作手法等。
一、 干扰项特征
1.颠倒是非:选项的结果与推断出来的正确结果相反。
2.照搬原文:原文里有相关的直接信息,不需要经过推断。
3.推理过度:把文章中的一些个案绝对化、扩大化。
4.无中生有:捏造原文中并不存在的信息,并以此作为依据进行推断。
二、 技巧点拨
1.把握全文是推断的前提
把握全文内容,在彻底理解文章的基础上,从字里行间捕捉有用的提示或线索,这是推理判断的前提和基础。
2.不以偏概全,不断章取义,不就事论事
对文章的表面信息进行加工处理,由浅入深、从具体到抽象。通过分析、综合和判断进行深层处理,然后进行符合逻辑的推理。
3.切忌用自己的观点来代替作者的观点
要忠于原文,以文章提供的线索和事实为依据,立足已知,推知未知。不能主观臆想,凭空想象,随意揣测。
4.点破作者想说而未说破之意
推断的精髓就是道出字里行间的“弦外之音”,说出作者的“言外之意”。
三、 命题方式
1.推断隐含意思
(2022新高考Ⅰ卷)
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?
A.You will receive a zero. B.You will lose a letter grade.
C.You will be given a test. D.You will have to rewrite it.
1
【解题过程】 间接信息题。根据题干中的信息one week after the due date定位到本段第二句“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. ”可知,如果在截止日期后的第4天还没提交论文,你将会得到零分。因此推迟一周才提交论文会得到零分。故选A。
2.推断观点态度
(1) 推断作者观点态度
(2021新高考Ⅰ卷) Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis(重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people