专题07 非谓语动词-【口袋书】2023年高考英语必背知识手册（思维导图+背诵手册）（全国通用版）

专题07 非谓语动词 第二张图更加详细，请各位老师根据需要酌情选择。 I．非谓语充当的句子成分 属性 名词 形容词 副词 成分 主语 宾语 表语 同位语 定语 补语 状 语 不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 动名词 √ √ √ √ √ × × 分词 × × √ × √ √ √ II. 重难点 一、名词属性 1. 不定式和动名词做主语 1）不定式表示具体一次的或将来的动作；动名词表示一贯的行为习惯。 Smoking is harmful to people's health. It isn't good for you to smoke so much. 2）it作形式主语 一般动词不定式习惯用it作形式主语，动名词直接放在句首，一些特殊句式除外，此特殊句有： It's no use doing something./It's no good doing something. / lt's a waste of time doing something.　 It is kind of you to help me. It is no use sending him here now. It's too late already. 2. 不定式，动名词和分词作表语 1） 表语为名词性时，用不定式和动名词。不定式表示将来的动作；动名词表示一贯 的行为习惯。 Reading is learning, but applying is also learning.（一般习惯） Our task now is to increase food production.（表将来） 2) 表语为形容词性时，用分词。 What you've told me is very surprising. The door remained locked. 3. 不定式和动名词作宾语 1）不定式表示将来的动作；动名词表示一贯的行为习惯。 2）不定式作宾语，当有宾补时要用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语放在句尾；动名词 作宾语，当有宾补时，一般在原位。 They found it impossible for those teenagers to get everything ready in time. I don't think it necessary to go on with the experiment. Some people think jogging too boring to keep. 4. 不定式和动名词作同位语 不定式表示将来的动作；动名词表示一贯的行为习惯。 His dream, to explore more in his field, motivates him all the time. His hobby, travelling and reading, enriches his life to the fullest. 二、形容词属性 1. 不定式和分词作宾补 1) 不定式作宾补时，表示宾语的动作未做；分词作宾补表示宾语正在进行，或已经做完或一贯的动作，也可表示一种状态。 He ordered the work to be started at once. She felt her heart beating very fast. I saw them seated at the back of the classroom. When I deliver a speech, you must make yourself heard. 2. 不定式、动名词和分词作定语 1) 不定式作后置定语，表示所修饰的名词将来的动作。但在the only; 序数词the first, the second; 顺序词the last, the next; 形容词最高级修饰的名词后的主动式用不定式作定语，不分时间先后。 I want to get something to read during the vacation. He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 2) 分词单个词作定语，放在所修饰的名词之前，相当于一个形容词；分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句。 a developing country a developed count