专题05 状语从句-【口袋书】2023年高考英语必背知识手册（思维导图+背诵手册）（全国通用版）

专题05 状语从句 状语是谓语的另一个附加成分，主要用于修饰动词的状态，如时间、地点、方式等。状语从句即为句子中充当状语的从句。 和定语从句不同，状语从句“套路”比较单一，主要掌握不同类型下的引导词，并注意少数特殊情况即可。 01时间状语从句 时间状语从句 连词 after as before once since till / until as soon as when while as long as whenever no sooner … than hardly / scarely / barely … when 　 　 　 副词 immediately directly instantly 　 名词短语 the moment the minute the instant the second every time 　 　 　 介词短语 by the time 　 　 　 - When I arrived home, my mom was sleeping. - 当我回到家时，我母亲正在睡觉。 - As soon as I arrived home, Tom closed TV. - 我一回到家，汤姆就关了电视。 - By the time you arrived home, I had done my housework. - 当你回到家时，我已经做完了家务。 在 no sooner ... than, scarely / hardly / barely ... when 的结构中，若 no sooner, scarely / hardly / barely 位于句首，需倒装。 - Hardly had I finished my housework when you arrived home. - 我刚做完家务，你就回家了。 大部分情况下，till 和 until 可以互换，但位于句首时只能使用 until，且强调句（It is ...）中多用 until。 若谓语动词为瞬时动词，则必须使用否定形式（not ... until），意为 直到……才。 - I hadn't done my housework until you arrived home. - 直到你回到家，我才做完家务。 - Until he finished the movie, you should wait. - 直到他看完电影为止，你都必须等待。 02地点状语从句 地点状语从句 where wherever everywhere anywhere - He is the best student wherever he studies. - 他在哪学习都是最好的学生。 若 where 引导的从句含有抽象含义，可放于主句之前。 - Where there is a will, there is a way. - 有志者事竟成。 03条件状语从句 条件状语从句 if unless only if if only as long as so long as provided that providing that suppose that supposing that on condition that in the event that in case that 　 　 　 - If it is rainy tomorrow, we shall stay at home. - 如果明天下雨，我们就呆在家吧。 - As long as you study hard, you will get a better score. - 只要你努力学习，你就能获得一个更好的成绩。 条件状语从句包含“虚拟语气”，之后会单独整理讲解。需要记住的是，虚拟语气指不太可能会成为现实的事情，比如：如果我是你，那我就怎样（If I were you, I would ...） only if 引导真实条件句，意为 只要； if only 引导虚拟条件句，意为 要是。 - Only if you study hard will you get a better score. - 只要你努力学习，你就能获得一个更好的成绩。 - If only you had studied hard, you would get a better score. - 要是你努力学习了（已经不可能了），你就会获得一个更好的成绩（也已经不可能了）。 04原因状语从句 原因状语从句 because as since for now that on t