内容正文:
宾 语 从 句
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【Learning goals】学习目标
By the end of this class, you’re expected to:
1. 基础目标:理解宾语从句的含义。
2. 拓展目标:掌握宾语从句的连接词、语序和时态。
3. 挑战目标:正确运用宾语从句。
宾语从句的定义:
在复合句中用作___________的从句叫宾语从句。
宾语
引导宾语从句的连接词:
(1) 由 that 引导的宾语从句,that 只有语法作用,没有实际意义。有时可以省略。
例:He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
引导宾语从句的连接词:
(2) 由 if/whether 引导的宾语从句,if、whether翻译成“是否”。
例:I want to know if /whether he lives here.
注意:在下列情况下只能用whether
① 在具有选择意义,又有or 或 or not时,用whether。
例:Let me know whether he will come or not.
② 在介词之后用whether。
例: I am interested in whether he likes English.
③ 在不定式前用whether。
例:He hasn’t decided whether to visit the old man.
④ whether置于句首时,不能换用if。
例:Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.
引导宾语从句的连接词:
(3) 由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which 和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接词在宾语从句中充当一定成分,有自己的意义。
例: Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I know what you are thinking.
宾语从句的语序:
宾语从句的语序要用____________语序。
例:I asked my parents if /whether I could go swimming.
I wonder how he left the city.
陈述句
宾语从句的时态:
(1)主句的时态是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词可根据需要选用相应的任何时态。
例:I don’t know when he will come back.
Please tell us what they bought in the supermarket yesterday.
(2)主句的时态为一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态。
例: He told me that he was preparing for the test.
(3)宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等,不管主句用什么时态,从句时态都用一般现在时。
例:The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
否定前移
由动词suppose,guess,believe,think 引导的宾语从句中出现否定时,否定形式要前移,形式上是否定了主句,实际上是否定了从句。此时注意若主句是第一人称,变为反意疑问句时,语气依主句而定,而谓语要和从句保持一致。
例:I don’t think he is right, is he?
高考链接
1.(2015) He doesn’t know _______ he should accept his friend’s suggestion or not.
A.that B. what C. whether D. if
2.(2016)-----Someone is knocking at the door, mom!
----- Go and see_______.
A.who is it B. who it is C. who is he D. who he is
3.(2017)----- I really hope_________ everything goes well.
-----So do I.
A.what B. which C. why D. that
4.(2020) I wonder ________ I cou