专题13 阅读理解之说明文（知识梳理+专题过关）-2022-2023学年七年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲（外研版）

专题13 阅读理解之说明文 2022-2023学年七年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲（外研版） 【知识梳理】 ＂英语说明文＂，顾名思义，就是一种以＂说明、解释＂为主要表达方式的英语文体。它是对客观事物的性状、特点、功能和用途等作科学解说的。它既不像故事那样重在情节的叙述和描写，也不像议论文那样，重在阐明主张和论点论据；更不像科幻作品那样富于想象和虚构夸张。说明文是通过解说事物、阐明事理，使人们增长知识和技能。说明文是高考英语阅读理解题中的重点内容之一。说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结构复杂，专业术语多，易于拉开考生分数档次，便于高校分层次选拔人才。然而对于考生来说说明文抽象度高，解题难度大。高考对说明文的考查多为科普知识，动植物特性、自然现象和新产品、新工艺介绍以及人文地理、风土人情等方面的说明文，文中解释性、定义性、说明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。 说明文阅读理解的特征 一般说来，英语说明文与其他文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即who → what → when → where → how → why。 1. who：问的是这篇文章的主体是谁？（即所要说明和描述的人或事物） 2. what：问的是主体做了什么事情？（即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途） 3. when和where：是在何时何地发生的？（即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途） 4. how：通过什么方式表现出来的？ 5. why：这种特性功能用途的原因是什么？ 做说明文阅读理解题的时候，一定要记住上面的wh-word。边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，把握全文。 【专题过关】 A （2022·江苏江苏·七年级期末） How do you usually do the shopping? Do you buy things in real shops or online? If you like shopping online, do you buy things on Taobao or Jingdong? Do you know live-streaming industry(直播行业)? It is a new and fashion way to buy and sell things these days. Many people begin to buy things on live-streaming platforms(直播平台). “Sales(销售) through live-streaming in 2021 gives people hope and a new way to make money.” says Andrea Fenn. There are many live-streaming platforms, such as Douyin and Kuaishou, and Alibaba’s Taobao. Many people begin to sell things in this way. One of them is Li Jiaqi. He is 27 years old. He can sell 15,000 lipsticks(口红) in five minutes. Unlike many women sellers, he always tries the lipsticks on his mouth, not on his arms. His interesting sales make him get the name “Lipstick Brother No. 1”. In February 2020, Taobao sells a lot of things, because many people can not go shopping outside. ▲ . Andrea Fenn says that there are too many people on the live-streaming platforms. “Now there are thousands of live-streaming. And people start to think about the question: Why are we buying things on TV, just like the 1990s shopping style? Some companies can