专题08 上海高考议论类作文 -【高频考点解密】2023年高考英语二轮复习讲义+分层训练（上海专用）

►专题08 上海高考议论文类作文 _________________________________________________________________________________________ 考点精讲 【考情链接】 议论文，也称论说文，是就某一观点或概念进行论证并得出合理结论的一种文体，考査学生的语言水平和逻 辑思维能力。 命题的方式主要有： 提纲式（给出汉语提示，要求学生论证）、 图表式（给岀图片或图表，要求学生先描写再分析论证）、 情景式（给出情景，要求学生描述分析）等。 论说文在结构上是由论点、论据和结论组成,通常由引言段、中心段和结论段构成，中心段可以由一至多个推展段组成。引言段（Opening paragraph）说出文中的要点、核心问题—推展段（中心段/正文部分Body paragraphs） 围绕主题开展叙述、讨论—结论段（结尾部分Concluding paragraph）对全文的总结和概括。 论说文的类型通常有：观点对比型、问题解决型、道理/观点论证型、说明利弊型等，各类型的论证方式有相异之处，每一种类型都有相对固定的论证方式及句型。值得注意的是近年试题中经常出现记叙与结论相结合的叙议形式。 【要点梳理】 · 要点一：观点对比型 此题型是通过就同一事件比较两个不同甚至对立的观点，或就同一问题比较两种不同的选择方法来阐明自 己的观点或选择的方法。 1. 写作结构 引入部分 陈述观点1部分 陈述观点2部分 “我的观点”部分 结论 2. 常用句型 A. 引入部分： . has become a heated topic among people today. Opinions vary from person to person. . Nowadays, people are divided on the question about whether ... . The issue of whether ... or not... has been widely argued/debated currently. . ... is a common occurrence in our daily life, but different people hold different attitudes towards it. B. 陈述观点1部分： . Some people suggest / think / maintain / hold the opinion that... . Some people prefer to think that... . Those who advocate / are in favor of... believe that... . Those who criticize / object to / oppose ... maintain that... C. 陈述观点2部分： . However / Nevertheless / Yet, other people hold a different point of view. They insist that... . On the contrary / In contrast, there are still many people who do not agree, and they claim/argue / believe that... . On the other hand, not everyone shares the opinion. D. “我的观点”部分： . For my part /As to me /As far as 1 am concerned, Fd like to agree to the former / latter opinion. . From my point of view, I am in favor of... /1 am on the side of... . In my opinion, both sides are partly right / there is some truth in both sides. . To me / In case of me, 1 prefer .. . / the former opinion is more attractive in that... D.结论部分 In summary / Consequently / In conclusion / To sum up / All in all / In br