专题03 利用词汇复现和逻辑关系进行解题 -备战2023高考英语完形填空方法指导+易错点分析+名校真题针对性训练

专题03 利用词汇复现和逻辑关系进行解题 【技法指导】 完形填空题主要考查考生对语境的理解能力,所以空格的前后多有暗示(后文暗示前文的居多)。考生在做题时,一定要联系上下文,从整体上把握文章的内容,弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系,结合语境辨析所给选项,从中选出最符合语境的选项。 在利用语境暗示法解题时,考生需从整体上把握文章内容,进行连贯性思考,进而把每个设空处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来,进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。常见的词汇复现有以下两类： 1.完形中的词汇『复现」 “词汇复现”是指某一词汇以原词、词形变化、同义词/近义词、反义词、上下义词等重复出现在语篇之中，使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，意义统一完整。 2. 词汇「复现」规律 ①原词复现 ②词形变化复现 ③同义/近义词复现 ④反义词复现 ⑤上下义词复现 【示例】 2018 全国| 卷完形填空: During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits.I 41 jumped at the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn't want to 42 a few dollars? More than that, I'd always wanted to learn chess. And, even if l weren't 43 excited enough about free credits, news about our 44 instructor was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which 45 meant I would be learning from one of the game’s 46 I could hardly wait to 47 meet him. I managed to get an A in that 53 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54 classroom . 42. A. waste B.earn C. save D pay 46.A.fastest B. easiest C. best D rarest 53. A.game B. presentation C.course D,experiment 【答案分析】 近义词复现。根据前文的a“free”course 中的 free(免费)就是save(节约，节省钱)。 近义词复现。 best 最佳的，国际象棋领域最棒的人之一，是前文的 an intemational grandmaster (国际大师)的同义表述。 原词复现，我在那门课程中取得了 A的成绩。那个课就是文章第一句中的 a“free ” course 中的 course (课程)。 【2018 全国 II卷完形填空】 Getting a little 46 closer,I realized one kayak ( 皮筏艇)was in 47 trouble .“Something’s not 48 !” The instructors called for an ambulance 55 Fortunately, after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to 56 and later the family met up for dinner. 46. A.real B. right C. fair D. fit 56. A.return B. relax C.speak D. leave 【答案分析】 近义词复现。作者意识到一艘皮艇遇到了麻烦，才会在心里想“某事不对劲”。本句跟前一句说的是一向事， not right t 是trouble 的近义词。 反义词复现。经过短暂的住院治疗后， Ben 已经可以离开( leave )医院了。 leave 是前半句 stay in hospital 中 stay 的反义词。 【2018 全国II 卷完形填空】When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, w