专题02结合语境信息进行推理-备战2023高考英语完形填空方法指导+易错点分析+名校真题针对性训练

专题02结合语境信息进行推理 【技法指导】 完形填空一般无标题,首句一般不设空,这是为了给考生提供清晰而完整的背景信息。记叙文首句往往介绍事件发生的时间、地点、人物或起因等细节信息,说明文和议论文一般通过文章首句点明全文的主题。仔细分析文章的首句,往往能获取许多解题信息,从而节省考生的做题时间。 在利用语境暗示法解题时,考生需从整体上把握文章内容,进行连贯性思考,进而把每个设空处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来,进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处通常前后多有暗示,这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。 ☆示例 1 .…In a significant tightening of legal controls over the press,Lord Irvine,the Lord Chancellor will introduce a draft bill that will propose making payments to witnesses and will strictly control the amount of publicity that can be given to a case before a trial begins. [A]illogical [B]illegal [C]improbable [D]improper 根据上文"ban payments..."和下文strictly control可以推断出“大法官提交的法案将使新闻媒体向目击证人支付酬金成为违法行为”，所以正确选择项为[B]illegal 非法的。其余选择都不符合句意:[A]illogical 不符合逻辑的;[c]improbable 不可能的:[D]improper 不恰当的。 ☆示例 2 …From a financial standpoint alone, safety pays off. The fewer the injury, the better the workman's insurance rate. [A]claims [B]reports [C]declarations [D]proclamations 根据上文 financial 以及下文 insurance rate，我们可以判断正确答案为[A] claims 根据保险合约所要求的赔款。其余选择均可排除:[B]report报告:[C declarations 宣言:[D]proclamations 声明 ☆示例 3 …As was discussed before, it was not until the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic,following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the company of the periodical. [A]means [B]method [C]medium [D]measure 本题四个选项均有“方法、手段”之义。但本句是以小册子、书、报纸和期刊为例说明信息革命始于二十世纪电视发展之前。按照常识，我们知道报纸是信息传播的媒介，所以我们很容易就判断出[C]medium媒介，媒介物为正确选择。 medium 是media的单数形式。其余选项均不符合。[A]方法，手段;[B]方法;[D]措施，方法。 ☆示例 4 …It is generally recognized, however, that the introduction of the computers in the early 20th century,__by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process,although its impact on the media was not immediately apparent. [A]brought [B]followed [C]stimulated [D]characterized 本题需要填一个合适的动词。常识知识告诉我们最早的电脑是在二十世纪中期出现的，而二十世纪六十年代出现了集成电路，所以两者出现的时间顺序很明显，电脑在先，集成电路在后，因此，正确选项为[B]followed。followed 在此是过去分词，表示被动，其逻辑主语是句子主语，即“the introduction of the computer”。其余选项均不符合逻辑。[A]brought 带来[C]stimulated激励[D]charact