内容正文:
虚 拟 语 气
专题十九
复习指南
命题探究
从考试试题来看,虚拟语气的考题不多,但也有涉及,学生需要掌握虚拟语气的基本用法,理解运用了虚拟语气的相关阅读资料。
考点一 非真实条件状语从句中的虚拟语气
(一) 虚拟语气在if非真实条件句中的用法
考点一 非真实条件状语从句中的虚拟语气
(二) 虚拟语气省略if的用法
在if引导的条件状语从句中,如果有were, had, should等,可以省略if,而把were, had, should等置于句首,变为倒装句式。注意否定词not不能放在前面。例如:
If I were you, I would accept his advice. 如果我是你,我会接受他的建议。
→ Were I you, I would accept his advice.
If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home. 如果明天下雨,我会待在家里。
→ Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam. 如果你之前努力学习,你已经通过考试了。
→ Had you studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.
考点一 非真实条件状语从句中的虚拟语气
(三) 虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的用法续表
有时虚拟或假设的条件不以if引导的条件句形式表现出来,而是通过一个介词短语、连词或其他形式表示。这时,谓语动词仍然要用虚拟语气形式。常用的表示含蓄虚拟的词或短语有otherwise(要不然), without, under, but, but for(要不是)等。例如:
I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting. 那天我病了。否则,我就参加运动会了。
Without water, fish could die. 离开水,鱼儿就会死掉。
But for your help, we could not have succeeded. 要不是你帮忙,我们就不会成功。
典例剖析