第3讲 被动语态【精讲】-2023年中考英语一轮复习培优全攻略（上海专用）

第3讲 被动语态 【知识梳理1】 教学建议： 由于此部分是复习课，建议老师采取以教代学的方式让学生各自负责一个知识点进行讲解，其他学生进行提问。老师在过程中进行补充和总结。被动语态 1、 基本概念: 语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人或物完成的，则用被动语态。 二、语态的分类及构成 1. 动词的语态有两种：一种是主动语态（主语是动作的执行者），另一种是被动语态（主语是动作的承受者）。主动语态 被动语态 强调动作执行者 Washington cuts down the cherry tree. The cherry tree is cut down by Washington 强调动作的承受者 2. 被动语态的构成： 1） 助动词be +（not）+（及物动词的）过去分词 此时，由助动词be来反映时态的变化，常见有以下八种形式： 一般现在时 am +过去分词 is are 一般过去时 was +过去分词 were 一般将来时 shall be+过去分词 will 现在完成时 has been+过去分词 have 现在进行时 am being+过去分词 is are 过去进行时 was being+过去分词 were 过去将来时 should be+过去分词 would 过去完成时 had been+过去分词 2） 情态动词 +（not）+ be +（及物动词的）过去分词 can be+（及物动词）过去分词 may must 批注：这部分是重点内容，涉及到不同时态的被动语态变化，要让学生关注时态是如何体现的，尤其是完成时和进行时的被动语态。具体技巧下面例句之后会有总结 【例题精讲】 1. People _______ to send up fireworks around the center of the city last Spring Festival. A) weren’t allowed B) won’t be allowed C) are not allowed D) haven’t been allowed 2. The 87th Annual Academy Awards (奥斯卡金像奖) ceremony ________ in Los Angeles, USA, on February 22,2015. A) held B) was held C) was holding D) had been held 3. Nowadays new taxi apps (打车软件) _______to help people travel around more easily. A) are used B) use C) used D) is used 4. Keep reading English every day, and your reading skills quickly. A) improve B) will improve C) are improved D) will be improved 5. Great progress ______ in studying the new medicine for cancer recently. A) will be made B) is made C) has been made D) was made 6. The library of our neighbourhood ___________ ten hours a day. A) opens B) is open C) has opened D) is opened 7. The river __________ by waste products from the factory. We can find no fish in it. A) has polluted B) will pollute C) has been polluted D) will be polluted 1-7 ABADC BC 【巩固练习】 1. It’s terrible to hear that some students _____ when they took a school bus. A. killed B. are killed C. were