专题11-动词的语态-备战2023年高考高中英语语法专项突破训练

专题十一 动词的语态 重难点分析 在英语中，被动语态使用的频率比汉语要多、要普遍，但大多数句子都使用主动语态。被动语态在英语中极为重要。高考语法填空中通常把时态和语态结合起来考查。 动词的语态有两种：主动语态(the active voice)和被动语态(the passive voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： People speak English all over the world. 全世界的人都在讲英语。(the active voice) English is spoken by people all over the world. (the passive voice) 一、动词的被动语态构成一览表(以ask为例) 常用被动语态 构成 常用被动语态 构成 一般现在时 am/is/are asked 现在完成时 have/has been asked 一般过去时 was/were asked 过去完成时 had been asked 一般将来时 will/shall be asked 过去将来时 would/should be asked 现在进行时 am/is/are being asked 过去将来完成时 would/should have been asked 过去进行时 was/were being asked 含有情态动词 can/must/may…be asked 注意事项 被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后面加not；短语动词的被动语态不可漏掉其中的介、副词。固定结构be going to, used to, have to, had better变为被动语态时，只需将其后的动词变为被动语态。如：We are not allowed to smoke. 不允许我们抽烟。/ He is often made fun of by his classmates. 他经常被他的同班同学捉弄。/ Newspaper used to be sent here at 10 a.m. 过去报纸常常是上午10点被送到的。 据说类动词，如：It is said/believed/supposed/reported that…, It i