内容正文:
鲁教版八年级上册unit3 语法:过去进行时
Ⅰ.定义——主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作;
表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。
例:I was having a talk with Li Hua at that time. 那时,我正在跟李华谈话。
I was watching TV at home last night. 昨晚我一直在看电视。
Ⅱ.过去进行时结构——(was/were+V.-ing,即be动词的过去式+动词ing)
1.肯定句:主语+was/were+doing(V.ing)+其他.
例:I/He/She was watching TV at eight last night.
They were having breakfast at seven this morning.
2.否定句:主语+was/were not+doing(V.ing)+其他.
例:I/He/She was not (wasn’t) watching TV at eight last night.
They were not (weren’t) having breakfast at seven this morning.
3. 一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+doing(V.ing)+其他?
例:①Was I/He/She watching TV at eight last night.
肯定回答:Yes, I/she/he was.
否定回答:No, I/she/he was (wasn’t).
②Were they having breakfast at seven this morning.
肯定回答:Yes, they were.
否定回答:No, they were not (weren’t).
4. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+was/were+主语+doing (V.ing)+其他?
例:What was he/she/it doing at eight last night.
What were you/they doing at eight last night.
Ⅲ.过去进行时的主要用法
· 表示在过去某一点时间或某一段时正在进行的动作。
例:I was having a bath when the phone rang. 我正在洗澡,突然电话铃响了。
· 表示在过去短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情况,这种情况通常不会长期如此。
例:It happened while I was living in Eastboume last year.
这件事发生于去年我住在伊斯特本的时候。
· 表示为过去的将来安排好的活动和事件。这类用法在没有明确上下文的情况下,通常会连用一个表示将来时间的状语。
例:He said that his sister was getting married next December.
他说他妹妹12月结婚。
· 用arrive, come, go, leave等动词的现在进行时描写行程安排,也通常有含有将来意义。
例:Four of them were coming for Sunday lunch.
他们有四个人将在星期天来吃午饭。
She was going to a summer camp the following day.
她将在第二天去参加夏令营。
· 动词 hope, wonder 等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求,虽然表示现在的内容,但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。
例:I was thinking it might be a good idea to keep the window open.
我看还是把窗户开着的好。
· 一般过去时也有类似用法,相比之处,一般过去时通常表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的,而过去进行时则多表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。
· 过去进行时有时可以与always, constantly, continually, forever, perpetually, repeatedly等表示动作屡次发生的副词连用,强调动作的不断重复的。
例:She was always thinking of others. 她老是想到别人。
He was constantly changing his mind. 他老是改变主意。
· 现在进行时也有类似用法,但过去进行时是表示过去不断重复的动作,而现在进行时是表示现在不断重复的动作。
Ⅳ.过去进行时的时间标志词
· at+具体时刻+过去时间(