专题08-非谓语动词-备战2023年高考高中英语语法专项突破训练

专题八 非谓语动词 重难点分析 动词分两种：一、谓语动词；二、非谓语动词。非谓语动词是高考的重点，每年必考！追踪这几年高考英语可以发现，主要考查了非谓语动词的一般用法和含义，但是题目的设计注重了情景化，结构较为复杂，考生应予以重视，并下大力气掌握好非谓语动词的用法。 一、非谓语动词的分类、构成与功能一览表 非谓语形式 构成 特征和作用 时态和语态 否定式 复合结构 不定时 to do, to be doing, to have done, to have been doing to be done, to have been done 在to、动名词、分词前+not/never for sb. to do sth. 具有名词、副词和形容词的作用，在句中作主语、定语、表语、宾语、状语、宾补(在let, make, see, feel, notice等动词后作宾补时不带to) 分词 现在分词 doing, having done being done, having been done 具有副词、形容词的作用，在句中作定语、表语、状语、宾补(常用在see, find, feel, keep, get, have等动词之后) 过去分词 done 动名词 doing, having done being done, having been done sb.’s doing 具有名词的作用，在句中作主语、定语、表语、宾语 二、作宾语的非谓语动词比较 情况 常用动词 只接不定式作宾语的动词或短语 hope, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happen would like, take steps/measures/actions, make up one’s mind, try one’s best, make efforts to 只接动名词作宾语的动词或短语 mind, miss, enjoy, imagine, practise, suggest, finish, escape, excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, keep, avoid, risk, resist, consider feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be engaged in, insist on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be tired of, look forward to, devote oneself to, be worth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to, adapt to 两 者 都 可 以 意义基本相同 begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue (接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习惯行为) need, want, allow, require (接动名词主动形式是表示被动意义，若接不定式则应用被动形式) 意义相反 stop to do 停止做手中的事，去做另外一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事 意义不同 remember/forget/regret to do (指动作尚未发生)；remember/forget/regret doing (指动作已经发生) go on to do (接着做另外一件事) go on doing (接着做同一件事) try to do (设法；努力去做) try doing (试着做) mean to do (打算做；企图做) mean doing (意思是；意味着) can’t help (to) do (不能帮忙做) can’t help doing 忍不住/禁不住要做 三、非谓语动词作宾语补足语的区别 类别 常见动词 与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念 例句 不定式 ask, beg, expect, get, order, tell, want, wish, encourage (接带to的不定式) 主谓关系；强调动作将发生或已经完成 I expect them to win the game. h