内容正文:
语法专题:主谓一致
二、意义一致
意义一致是指主语形式上是单数,但表达的是复数意义,那么谓语动词要用复数形式;或主语为复数形式,但表达的是单数意义,那么谓语动词要用单数形式。其构成有以下15点。
1. 某些集体名词family, team, class, club, party, group, government, committee, audience, couple等作主语时,若看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若看作一个个的个体,谓语动词用复数形式。
My family is a large one. 我的家庭是个大家庭。
My family are watching TV. 我的家人在看电视。
但:无生命的集体名词clothing, poetry, baggage/luggage, furniture, machinery, scenery, jewellery, equipment等作主语时,谓语动词必须用单数。
Much of the jewellery was missing. 大量的珠宝不见了。
If your luggage is overweight, you’ll have to pay extra. 假如你的行李超重了,你得付额外的费用。
2. 表总称意义的名词people, police, cattle, crew, poultry(家禽), youth等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
People are working hard in the field. 人们正在地里努力地劳动。
The police are searching the lost boy. 警察们正在寻找那个走失的男孩。
The cattle are eating grass in the field. 牛在田里吃草。
The crew are busy now. 现在全体人员都在忙碌。
但:people当“民族”讲时,有单复数形式。
The Chinese people is a great people. 中华民族是个伟大的民族。
3. 单复数同形的名词作主语时,谓语动词一般随意义用相应的单复数形式。这类词有:sheep, deer, fish, means, works, species, Chinese, Jap