UNIT 2 Section Ⅱ　GRAMMAR（Word教师用书）-【优化指导】2022-2023学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅱ　GRAMMAR 动词­ing形式 [对应学生用书P64] [观察] 1．Learning without thinking leads to confusion; thinking without learning ends in danger. 2．Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin. 3．I’m sorry for having kept you waiting so long. 4．Seeing that she was going off to sleep，I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed. 5．Some teachers might be angry for not having been informed in advance. [归纳] 1．动词­ing形式由“do＋­ing”构成。 2．动词­ing形式的否定形式直接在前面加not。 3．动词­ing形式有一般式、完成式、一般被动式和完成被动式四种。 [对应学生用书P64] 形式 所作句子成分 意义 (not) doing 主语、宾语、表语； 定语、状语、宾语补足语 主动 (not) having done 宾语；状语 主动 being done 主语、宾语；后置定语(表示正在被做) 被动 having been done 宾语；状语 被动 [即学即练]　用所给动词的适当形式填空 ①The young men rose and returned into the sitting room，while the old man，again apologizing(apologize)，left by another door. ②I heard my parents quarrelling(quarrel) in the bedroom last night. 1．作状语 (1)doing表示主动的动作，可以表示原因、条件、伴随等。作结果状语时，表示顺理成章的结果。 Finding her car stolen，she hurried to a policeman for help. 发现车被偷了，她匆忙向警察求助。 (2)having done表示主动的动作，该动作发生在主句谓语动词之前。 Having realized that I could use a kite to attract lightning，I decided to do an experiment. 意识到可以用风筝来引起闪电，于是，我决定做个试验。 (3)having been done表示被动、完成的动作。 Having been separated from other continents for millions of years，Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. 长期与其他大陆分离，澳大利亚有许多其他国家没有的珍奇物种。 [即学即练]　完成句子 ①他跑得太快了，结果摔倒在地上。 He ran too fast，falling to the ground． ②没有收到任何回复，他决定再写一封信。 Not having received any reply，he decided to write again. 2．作定语 (1)doing表示主动的动作，如果是动词­ing短语作定语，要置于所修饰的名词之后。 There were some children swimming in the pool. 一些孩子在泳池里游泳。 (2)being done作后置定语，表示被动且正在进行的动作。 The question being discussed at the meeting now is very important. 正在会议上讨论的问题很重要。 [即学即练]　完成句子 ①读书是与看电视不同的体验。图像在大脑中形成而不是在眼前。 Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures forming in your mind instead of before your eyes. ②正在接受采访的那位女士是我们的英语老师。 The woman being interviewed is our English teacher. 3．作