2023届高考英语人教版词汇短语句型精选第九讲

1 the first/last/best...＋n.＋to do sth.第一个/最后一个/最好的一个……做某事的人/物 在．..the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice...中的to grow...是不定式作后置定语。 (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有next，only，last等时，常用不定式作后置定语。 ①He is always the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts. 他是一个总是吃苦在前，享乐在后的人。 (2)一些特定名词，如ability，chance，ambition，offer，anxiety，answer，reply，attempt，belief后，常跟不定式作定语。 ②The ability to express(express) an idea is as important as the idea itself. 表达思想的能力和思想本身一样重要。 2 struggle vi.& n．斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎 (1)struggle for　　　　　　　为……而斗争 struggle with/against sb./sth. 与……做斗争 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来 (2)with a struggle 费劲地 ①Workers are struggling for a clean canteen and healthy food. 工人们正为干净的食堂和健康的食物而拼搏。 ②He struggled to learn(learn) English like many Chinese students at that time. 那时，他和众多中国学生一样在努力学习英语。 ③Bravely，Mary struggled to her feet(foot)，and struggled against/with the wind and rain beating against her. 玛丽勇敢地挣扎着站起来，同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着。 3 regret vt.