内容正文:
写作园地
话题写作——介绍一位科学家
本单元的话题是科学和科学家,通过本单元的学习,学会写一篇介绍科学家的文章。此类文章属于人物介绍,人物介绍是记叙文的写作范畴,写作时要围绕人物组织材料,因此选材要有代表性,选择人物一生中的突出成就或能够彰显人物性格特点的事迹进行介绍,做到主题鲜明、内容清楚、简明扼要、重点突出。另外还要注意所选材料的客观性与真实性,不要言过其实。
1.人物介绍一般包括以下几点:
(1)出生年月和出生地点;
(2)主要经历、事迹和成就;
(3)影响及人们的评价。
2.叙述方法:一般按照时间顺序,从科学家的一般经历到创造性的贡献等作出介绍,最后是结论性的评价。
3.人称和时态:人称通常使用第三人称。如果叙述的是发生在过去的事情,常用一般过去时;若叙述当前的情况,常用一般现在时;对未来的展望则常用一般将来时。
1.开头常用句式
①Born in 1920, she was one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century.
她出生于1920年,是20世纪最伟大的科学家之一。
②Professor Green, known to the world as a scientist, is not only diligent but also warm-hearted.
格林教授是一位闻名世界的科学家,他不仅勤勉,而且热心。
③He is a well-known scientist whose theories have changed the world.
他是一位著名的科学家,他的理论改变了世界。
2.主体段落常用句式
①There he became interested in black holes. After receiving his PhD, he stayed at Cambridge, becoming known even in his middle 20s for his pioneering ideas.
在那里,他对黑洞产生兴趣。在获得博士学位后,他留在剑桥大学,甚至在二十四五岁时就以其开创性的思想而闻名。
②After many years of hard work, she completed her doctoral thesis in 1903 and became the first woman to receive a doctorate in France.
经过多年的努力,她于1903年完成了博士论文,成为法国首位获得博士学位的女性。
③Marie was deeply shocked by Pierre's death, but determined to go on working. She received a second Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1911, becoming the first scientist in the world to win two Nobel Prizes.
皮耶尔的逝世使玛丽极为震惊,但她决心继续工作。1911年她再度获得诺贝尔化学奖,成为世界上第一位两次获得诺贝尔奖的科学家。
④She dedicates her time, knowledge and wisdom to her students and to future scientists from all over the world who come to study with her.
她为学生奉献出自己的全部时间、知识和智慧,为世界各国来向她求学的未来科学家们奉献出自己的精力。
⑤This is an age not only of great science; it is an age of great scientists.
这不仅是一个伟大的科学时代;也是一个伟大的科学家时代。
⑥He/She was an admirable man/woman who displayed the characteristics of wisdom, strength, and courage.
他/她是一个令人钦佩的男人/女人,表现出了智慧、力量和勇气。
3.结尾常用句式
①Thanks to Yuan Longping, he not only won the battle against hunger, but he could also export his crops abroad.
多亏了袁隆平,他不仅赢得了对抗饥饿的战斗,而且还将自己的作物出口到国外。
②He actively promoted the spread of scientific ideas about m