4.2 Grammar（同步课件）-九年级英语上册同步精品课堂（沪教牛津版）

深圳牛津 九年级上册 Grammar Unit 4 Problems and Advice 目录 CONTENTS 01 02 03 lead in Sentence elements Exercise 句子成分 主语（subject） 谓语（predicate） 表语（predicative） 宾语（object） 补语（complement） 定语（attributive） 状语（adverbial） 句子的各个组成部分叫做句子成分。 主语和谓语是句子的主要成分， 宾语、补语、状语等是句子的次要成分。 主语(subject): 句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east. (名词) He likes dancing. (代词) Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. (动名词) To see is to believe. (不定式) What he needs is a book. (主语从句) It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语) 句子成分 谓语(predicate): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征 英语中只有动词才能作谓语。 We study English. He is asleep. 宾语： 1）动作的承受者-----动宾 I like China. (名词) He hates you. (代词) How many do you need? We need two. (数词) We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. (动名词) I hope to see you again. (不定式) Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句) 2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3） 双宾语-----间宾(指人)和直宾(指物) He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money. 定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。 Miss Yang is a chemistry teacher. (名词) He is our friend. (代词) We belong to the third world. (数词) He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.(形容词) The man over there is my old friend.(副词) The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词) The boys playing football are in Class 2. (分词) The trees planted last year are growing well now.(分词) I have an idea to do it well. (不定式) You should do everything that I do. (定语从句) 状语：用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。 表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式、让步和伴随。 I will go there tomorrow. The meeting will be held in the meeting room. The meat went bad because of the hot weather He studies hard to learn English well. He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam. I like some of you very much. If you study hard, you will pass the exam. He goes to school by bike. Though he is young, he can