Unit6 Section A 知识清单(含现在完成时）2022-2023学年鲁教版英语八年级上册

⑪ Unit 6 Have you read Treasure Island yet? 现在完成时 1、 用法： 1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 常连用时间状语如：just,already,yet,never,ever,before,so far（到目前为止）等。 ---It’s so dark. ---Someone has turned off the light. 1 以already,just和yet为标志词 already,just,yet表示到现在为止动作或状态已经、刚刚、或还没有发生。 eg. He has already got her help. He has just seen the film. He hasn’t come back yet. 2 以ever和never为标志词 ever和never表示到现在为止动作或状态曾经发生过或从来没发生过。 eg.This is the best film I have ever seen, He has never been to Beijing. 3 以so far 为标志词，表示到目前为止动作或状态已经发生。 eg.He has been in Beijing for two days so far. 2. 表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，还有可能继续下去。常与“since+过去的时间点”，“for+一段时间”连用。注意：此时的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。 eg.They have lived here for twenty years. 2、 句型 肯定句 主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 I have finished my homework. 否定句 主语+have/has not+过去分词+其他 I have not finished my homework. 一般疑问句及其答语 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语+have/has 否定回答：No，主语+haven’t/hasn’t Have you finished your homework? Yes,I have. No,I haven/t. 特殊疑问句 疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他？ How long have you finished your homework? 3、 过去分词的变化规则 原形 过去式 过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 am/is are begin break bring do buy come draw catch cost drive choose cut eat fall give lose feel go make find grow ride forget know run get leave say sell speak wake shake spend think show swim throw sit tell write teach win wear 4、 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响，强调的是现在的情况；一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在无关。 eg.I have seen this film. I saw this film yesterday. 常用时间状语不同：现在完成时见第一条，一般过去时常用yesterday,last year,...ago,just now,in 1990等。 5、 时态小结 一般 进行 完成 现在时 do/does am/is are doing have/has done 过去时 did was/were doin