一般过去时现在完成时区别及练习题2022-2023学年沪教牛津版（广州沈阳通用）八年级英语上册

现在完成时与一般过去的区别 1.两个时态的侧重点不同 现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在的影响，它和现在有密切的联系。 一般过去时强调的是动作发生的时间、地点，不涉及对现在的影响。 She has seen the film before. 她看过这部电影。（强调她已经看过了） She saw the film last night. 她昨晚看了这部电影。（强调时间是昨晚） Mr Green has bought a new computer. 格林先生买了一台新电脑。(强调格林先生现在有了一台新电脑) Mr Green bought a new computer yesterday. 格林先生昨天买了一台新电脑。(强调买新电脑的时间是昨天) 2.两个时态的时间状语不同。 现在完成时常与already，yet，just，ever，never，before等副词以及“for+一段时间”，“since+过去时间/从句”等时间状语连用。不能单独与表示过去的时间状语连用。 一般过去时则常与“一段时间+ago”，just now，yesterday，last week等表示过去时间的状语连用。 Mike has lived in Beijing for 5 years. 麦克在北京住了五年了。（强调已经住了五年） Mike lived in Beijing 5 years ago. 五年前麦克住在北京。（强调时间点是五年前） Lucy has just called you. 露西刚打过电话给你。（强调已经打过电话了） Lucy called you just now. 露西刚才给你打了电话。（强调打电话的时间是刚刚） 注意点： 现在完成时的常用句型 1. It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分用现在完成时. It was the second time that the girl had been late. 这是女孩第二次迟到了。 It is the first time that I have visited the Great Wall. 这是我第一次游览长城。 is the… that…结构,that从句要用现在完成时. This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 This is the first time (that) I've obtained a scholarship. 这是我第一次获得奖学金。 练习题 1. A. 用 already或 yet 　　1) Have they taken down the old pictures ______? No, they haven’t_____. 　　2) Most of us have finished our compositions _____. 　　3) He said he hadn’t visited the exhibition _______. B.用 since或 for 　　1) We have learned five lessons _______ the beginning of this term. 　　2) Mrs Liao has been in hospital ______ last week. 　　3) I have stayed at my aunt’s ______two weeks. C. 用have gone或 have been 　　1) Where are the boy students? They _________ to the school factory. 　　2)— Is your father in? No, he ________ to Shenzhen. _________ he ever __________ there before ? — Yes, he __________ there several times 　　3) He asked me if I________ to Hangzhou before. 　　 I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I ______ never ______ to that city before. 2. 选择填空 　　1. Mother _______ me a new coat yesterday. I _______ it on. It fits me well. 　　 A. had made…have tried 　 B. made…