2022届高考英语语法表解 冠词，连词，介词 讲义

表解语法：冠词，连词，介词 冠词 英语中有a,an,和the这三个冠词, a/an为不定冠词, the是定冠词。有时名词前不用冠词称为零冠词。冠词是一种虚词, 不能单独作句子成分, 只能放在名词前面, 帮助说明这个名词的含义。 一、 冠词的类别和最基本用法 类别 基本用法 名 词 示例 不 定 冠 词 泛指 a(n)表一个…… 可数名词单数 1．A dog is enough．(表数量) a(n)表一类…… 可数名词单数 2．A dog is a faithful animal．(强调个体) 定 冠 词 特指 不可数名词 6．The water in this river is polluted． 可数名词单数 7. The dog killed by the man doesn't belong to me． 表一类…… 可数名词单数 3．The dog is a faithful animal．(强调全体) 可数名词复数 8．The dogs in the cage are Tom’s． 零冠词 表一类…… 可数名词复数 4．O dogs are fatihful animals． 不可数名词 5．O alcohol is a liquid． 二、 不定冠词的使用场合 使用方法 示例 1．a+辅音音素开头的词/字母前 an+元音音素开头的词/字母前 a useful book a united country, a European student, a one-week trip, a university student, an ugly face an hour, an honour, an honest man an MP, an ABC book, an 8-day journey There is an“l”, an “e”, an“f” and a“t”in the word “left”． 2．可数名词泛指某类人或物前 相当于any, every 1．An eagle does not hatch a dove．（虎父无犬子。） 2．A bad workman quarrels with his tools． 3．A doctor is a person who saves people's lives. 4. His father is an editor, a good editor． 3．首次提到的可数名词单数前 There is a dog and an elephant at the gate．The dog is mine and the elephant is Henry's． 4. 用于某些数目的表示中 a dozen 一打 a hunddred一百 ; a couple 一对 ; a quarter 1/4 ; a great many 许多 5．表示“一个”意思接近数词one 1． An apple a day keeps the doctor away．(一天一个苹果, 医生远离我。） 2． The book is a foot long, an inch thick. 3．Rome was not built in a day． 6．用在姓名或Mr./Mrs.+姓氏前表示“某一 位”, “一个叫……的人”, 相当于a certain 1．A Professor Lee applied for the post. 2．A Mr. Zhang is waiting for you outside the cinema． 7. 用在地名、国名、专有名词前有形容词修饰时, 表示某时的情况或某种样子 1. She is now a different China from what she was twenty years ago. 2. You will see a stranger China in the near future. 8．表示“每一”相当于per, 用于某些表示时间、重量、长度等单位前 I get paid once a month, but not much. 10 yuan a kilo twice a day 80 miles an hour, 5 days a week two yuan a poud 800 wor