Unit3 Grammar 一般过去时和现在完成时课件2021-2022学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册

Unit 3 Online tours Grammar 语法聚焦 Simple past tense Present perfect tense 一般过去时 现在完成时 同学们能立刻想到哪些时态? 时间 状态 (体) 过去 现在 将来 一般 did do/does will do 进行 was doing were doing is doing am doing are doing will be doing 完成 had done has done have done will have done 时态如何构成 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别-1 past present Daniel went to Beijing two years ago. Daniel has lived in Beijing for two years. past present We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past. We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present. 我们用一般过去时讲述过去发生的事情。 我们用现在完成时讲述一个动作发生在过去并且持续到现在的动作。 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别-2 Daniel bought a new computer last month. Daniel has bought a new computer. (He has a new computer now.) past present past present We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past. We use the present perfect tense to talk about the result of an action. When the action happened is not very important. It may have just happened or happened some time ago. 我们用一般过去时讲述过去某个时间发生的事情。 我们用现在完成时谈论或强调一个动作的结果,而动作发生的时间可能并不重要。 ☑ ☑ 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别-3 He visited Canada in 2010 and 2011. He has been to Canada twice. past present past present We use the simple past tense to tell what happened in the past. We use the present perfect tense to tell how many times an action has happened till now. 我们用一般过去时讲述过去发生的事情(的时间点)。 我们用现在完成时讲述一个动作到现在为止已经发生的次数。 小结1:侧重不同 一般过去时 表示过去某时发生的动作。 现在完成时 表示动作开始于过去,一直持续到现在,并有可能继续持续下去。 表示动作发生在过去,对现在造成影响。 表示一个动作到现在为止已经发生的次数。 小结2:结构不同 一般过去时 肯定句 主语 + 过去式 +... 主语 + was/were + 其他... 否定句 主语 + did not (didn’t) + 动词原形 + … 主语 + was/were not (wasn’t/weren’t) + 其他... 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + …? Was/Were + 主语 + 其他…? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + …? 特殊疑问词+Was/Were + 主语 + 其他…? 小结2:结构不同 现在完成时 肯定句 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 +... 否定句 主语+haven’t ( have not) +过去分词+... 主语+hasn’t ( has not ) +过去分词+... 一般疑问句 Have/Has+主语+过去分词...? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+Have/Has+主语+过去分词...? 小结3:时间状语不同 现在完成时 副词作标志词:just, already, yet since + 时间点/(时间段+ago)/一般过去时句子;for + 时间段 表示次数的时间状语:once, twice, t