Units 8-10 现在完成时用法讲解课件2021-2022学年人教版八年级英语下册

UNIT8-10 现在完成时 状态 时间 过去 现在 将来 一般 进行 完成 did was/were doing do/does will do am/is/are doing have/has done 三、现在完成时的用法 1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响 或结果。 — Have you had your breakfast yet? — Yes, I have. I’ve just had it. 现在完成时用法1: 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果; past I had breakfast. I’m not hungry now. present I have already had breakfast. (早餐过去吃的,现在不饿。) 图示法表示 I have opened the window. 我已经把窗户打开了。(窗户是开着的) They have gone to Shanghai. 他们已经去上海了(他们不在这里) Jim has already finished his work. Jim已经把他的工作做完了。 I have cleaned my room. (My room is clean now.) 我已经打扫过我的房间了。 2. 现在完成时还可以表示过去某一时间开始并一直持 续到现在的动作或状态,常与“for + 时间段”或“since + 时间点 / 从句”连用,这时要用延续性动词。 They have worked in this company for 30 years. He has been in the army since 2016. (错:He has joined the army since 2016.) 现在完成时用法2:表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 图示法表示 past I moved here in 1990. I still live here. present I have lived here for 30 years. (30年来一直生活在这里) I have studied English since last year. 我从去年开始学习英语。 She has lived in Beijing for five years. 她住在北京已经五年了。 标志词:常和 just(刚刚)、already(已经)、yet(还,仍然)、ever(曾经)、never(从未)、before(以前)、so far(到目前为止)、in the past(last) few days/years(在过去的几天/几年里)、recently(最近)、since then(从那以后,从那时起)等连用。 He has written 8 books so far. 到目前为止,他已经写了8本书了。 The concert has already started. 音乐会已经开始了。 一、现在完成时的基本结构 现在完成时由“助动词 have/has + 过去分词”构成 现在完成时态(1) 现在完成时其基本句式结构为: ① 肯定句:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他. I have seen this film. ② 否定句:主语 + have/has not + 过去分词 + 其他. I have not seen this film. have/has 常可缩略为 -’ve/-’s ③ 一般疑问句:Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + have/has. 否定回答:No, 主语 + haven’t/hasn’t. — Have you seen the film? —Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. 我已经读过这本书了。 I have read this book. 他/她已经读过这本书了。 He/She has read this book. 改为一般疑问句并回答。 —Have you read this book? —Yes, I have./No, I haven't. 改为一般疑问句并回答。 —Has he/she read this book? —Yes, he/she has./ No, he/she haven't. ④特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词) What _ you _(bring) back? 他已经完成了他的作业。 He has finished his homework. 对划线部分进行提问。 What has he finished? have brought 注意:此句型结