内容正文:
Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage
动词ing形式作主语和宾语
1.I love learning about country music and I keep asking them questions about it all the time!
2.Playing the qin was his life.
3.He played so well that everyone enjoyed listening to his music and thought highly of his techniques.
4.When Boya continued playing,Zhong Ziqi said he had heard the sound of a river flowing quickly.
5.Having someone that really understood his music pleased Boya.
[我的发现]
1.句2和句5中,动词ing形式在句中作主语;
2.句1、3和句4中,动词ing形式在句中作宾语。
一、动词ing 形式的基本情况
动词ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式,包括现在分词和动名词两种,由“动词原形+ing”构成。动词ing形式在句中用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语或状语。本单元主要学习动词ing形式在句中充当主语和宾语的用法。
二、动词ing形式作主语
1.动词ing形式作主语时,往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作,谓语动词用单数形式。
(2021·全国乙卷)Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations.
在某些情况下,仅仅说声“谢谢你”似乎是不够的。
2.在一些句型中,常用it作形式主语,代替动词ing形式作主语。这类句型有:
It’s a waste of time doing sth 做某事是浪费时间。
It’s useful/useless/worthwhile doing sth做某事有用/没用/是值得的。
It’s no good/use/fun doing sth做某事没好处/没用/没意思。
It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.
劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。
It is no use regretting for the past.
悔恨过去是没用的。
3.动词ing形式的复合结构作主语
①当动词ing形式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时,需要使用动词ing形式的复合结构,构成:形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+动词ing形式;
Her coming to help encouraged all of us.
她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。
Jane’s being careless caused so much trouble.
简的粗心惹来了这么多麻烦。
②动词ing形式的复合结构的否定形式构成:not+动词ing形式。
(2019·浙江卷)Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much.
没有给予足够的赞美和给予太多的赞美一样有害。
4.动词ing形式和动词不定式作主语的区别
动词ing形式作主语表示比较抽象的一般行为,动词不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。
Singing is my hobby,and to sing at my friend’s birthday party next sunday is my dream.唱歌是我的爱好,下周日在朋友的生日宴会上唱歌是我的梦想。
三、动词ing形式作宾语
1.动词ing形式常作某些动词(短语)的宾语,这类动词(短语)如下:
consider,suggest/advise,dislike,excuse/pardon,admit,delay/put off,fancy,avoid,miss,keep,practice,deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate,forbid,imagine,risk,can’t help,mind,allow/permit,escape。
(2021·全国甲卷)Their answers also show that they dislike talking to others.
他们的回答也表明他们不喜欢和别人交谈。
2.一些以介词结尾的动词短语后常跟动词ing形式作宾语,这些动词短语包括:be good at,dream of,care abou