专题一 阅读理解 考法2 推理判断题---备战2023年高考英语精选考点专项突破

新高考卷 全国卷 2022 2021 2022 2021 卷I 卷II 卷I 卷II 乙卷 甲卷 乙卷 甲卷 细节理解题 6 7 8 8 8 8 6 5 推理判断题 7 5 5 5 5 3 6 8 词义猜测题 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 主旨大意题 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 推理判断 推理判断题阅读理解中对考生推理判断能力的考查要求考生在理解原文字面意又的基础上，通过对文中细节中隐含的信息和语篇逻辑关系的分析作出一定的判断和推理，从而理解作者所要传达的信息、得出文草的深层意义及隐含意义。它主要考查考生理清上下文逻辑天系的能力和识别能力。解答推理判断题要以文字信息为依据，既不能作出在原文中找不到依据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息进行多余推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据,推论有理，忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意,切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。考生切记，推理判断( infer))题必须把握住的一个原则：正确选项必须是由文中事实推断出的另一个正确的事实，而不是文章细节的直接陈述。 方法1 针对特定细节信息进行推理 此类试题要求考生根据语篇中具体的内容和信息点，推断出文章中具体的细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。解答此类试题时，一般可根据短文所提供的某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断。考生只要正确把握文章的内在关系，根据文章中的关键信息进行推断就可以作出正确的判断。 [全国Ⅱ2020·D] I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library. 32. Which word best describes the author's relationship with books as a child? A.Cooperative. B. Uneasy. D. Casual. C. Inseparable. 【解析】根据本段第三句… reading up to three books a day as a child..以及第四句 Stories were like air to me..可知,孩童时期的作者和书是形影不离的。 cooperative意为“合作的”; uneasy意为“不自在的”; inseparable意为“不可分离的;亲密无间的”; casual意为“漫不经心的;随便的”。故选C项。 方法2 整合全文(段)信息进行推断 做推理判断题时，有时需要在弄懂全文或全段意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的信息，提取出来加以推理判断，从而确定最佳答案。 [全国Ⅱ 2020·C] Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. "It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year, "says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur. 28. What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn? A. To promote guilt-free fur. B. To expand the fashion market. C. To introduce a new brand. D. To celebrate a winter holiday. 【解析】由题干中的 New Orleans and Br