第12讲选择性必修一U3 conservation 词句文精讲精练-2023高三英语一轮复习精品课程（北师大2019）

Unit 3 Conservation 一．核心词精讲 1. Extinctions, where entire species are wiped out, are not unusual in our Earth’s history. wipe out ①把……擦干净；②使疲惫不堪；③彻底消灭，全部摧毁。 e.g. Make sure the inside of the coffee pot is thoroughly wiped out. All that travelling has wiped her out. The town was completely wiped out by the earthquake. 【拓展】 wipe away 擦掉, 清除掉 wipe down 从上到下擦干净 wipe off ①擦掉，刷掉 ②把……擦干净 ③把……一笔勾销 wipe up ①擦干（杯、盘等） ②把……用布揩掉 2. Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally, the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern. die out ①灭绝, 灭亡; ②逐渐消失; ③熄灭。 e.g. Many animals are in danger of dying out because of human activity. Some of the traditional customs are dying out in China. It took a long time before the big fire died out. 【拓展】 die away (指声音、光、风等) 变弱， 逐渐消失，渐渐停止 die down 变弱, 逐渐消失, 渐渐停止(与 die away同义); (激动的心情) 平静下来 die from/of 因……而死 die off 相继死亡 3. This time, human activity will be to blame. blame既可作动词，也可作名词。 作动词时, 意为“责备, 责怪; 归咎于”。 常用搭配： blame ... for sth. 因某事责怪…… blame sth. on ... 把某事归咎于…… be to blame for sth. 对某事负有责任 e.g. The report blames poor safety standards for the accident. One of the computers is broken and she’s blaming it on me. Officials believe that more than one person may be to blame for the fire. 作名词时，意为“责任；指责”。 常用搭配： take / bear the blame 负责 put / lay the blame on 怪在……身上 e.g. I’m going to take all the blame on myself. But you are not to blame; I can’t put the blame on you. 4. It is clear that human activity has negatively affected all other species on Earth, including animals and plants. affect 作动词，可意为： ① 影响 ② (感情上) 深深打动, 使悲伤(或怜悯等) ③ (疾病)侵袭, 使感染 e.g. The change in climate may affect your health. We were deeply affected by the news of her death. It’s a di