考点 12 主谓一致（核心考点精讲练）-备战2023年高考英语一轮复习考点帮（全国通用）

考点12 主谓一致 在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。近几年来，高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致以及就近一致三个方面上。主谓一致在高考中常与名词结合在一起进行综合考查，多以语法填空和短文改错的形式出题。预计2023年高考主谓一致不会单独考查，主要与动词的时态和语态放在一起考查。 1. 掌握主谓一致的三个原则：语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致； 2. 掌握主谓一致中的固定搭配； 3. 掌握定语从句中的主谓一致； 4. 掌握倒装句、强调句中的主谓一致。 高考主谓一致的知识结构 一致原则 考点详解 例句 语法一致 1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。 His father is working on the farm. To study English well is not easy. What he said is very important for us all. The children were in the classroom two hours ago. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 2. 由连接词and或both …… and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。 Lucy and Lily are twins. She and I are classmates. The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. Both she and he are Young Pioneers. 3. 主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with，together with，except，but，like，as well as，rather than，more than，no less than， besides，including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。 Mr. Green，together with his wife and children，has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. She，like you and Tom，is very tall. 4. either，neither，each，every 或no +单数名词和由some，any，no，every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。 Each of us has a new book. Everything around us is matter. 5. 在定语从句中，关系代词that，who， which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 He is one of my friends who are working hard. He is the only one of my friends who is working hard. 一致原则 考点详解 例句 语法一致 6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。 这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。 Class Four is on the third floor. Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor. 注：people，police，cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child. 7. 由“a lot of，lots of，plenty of，the rest of，the majority of +名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。 There are a lot of people in the classroom. The rest of the lecture is wonderful. 50% of the students in our class are girls. 注：a number of 与the number of的区别 8. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。 There comes the bu