第12讲特殊句式讲与练-【暑假自学课】新高三英语暑假精品课（新高考专用）

第12讲特殊句式讲与练 【学习目标】 掌握特殊句式的几种形式。 【基础知识】 考点一 倒装句 1．全部倒装 (1)表示方向/方位、地点和时间的副词或介词短语，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, back, on the wall, over there, under the tree, in front of等置于句首，且主语是名词而不是代词时。 ①John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before. 约翰打开门，那儿站着一位他从来没见过的女孩。 ②Just in front of the bus lies an injured man, all covered with blood. 公共汽车的前面躺着一个受伤的人，浑身是血。 (2)代词such放在句首，且在句中作表语时。 ③Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 这些就是事实，没有人可以否认它们。 (3)为平衡句子结构或使上下文衔接紧密，常将作表语的形容词、副词、分词或介词短语提到句首，引起全部倒装。 ④Seated in the first row are some advanced workers. 坐在第一排的是一些先进工作者。 ⑤Present at the meeting were some scientists from China. 一些来自中国的科学家出席了会议。 [注意]　上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。 2．部分倒装 (1)so/neither/nor置于句首时，用部分倒装结构。 a．“so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示前面所说的肯定情况也适合于另一人或物，意为“……也是如此”。 ①—I've got an enormous amount of work to do. —So have I. ——我有大量的工作要做。 ——我也如此。 b．“neither/nor＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示前面所说的否定内容也适用于另一人或物，意为“……也不这样”。 ②I don't like it, neither does Tom. 我不喜欢它，汤姆也不喜欢它。 (2)表示否定意义的副词、连词或短语置于句首时。 此类词有not, neither, never, hardly, seldom, nor, scarcely, barely, little, no, nowhere, not only, not until, at no time, by no means, in no way等。 ③Not a single song did she sing at yesterday's party. 在昨天的晚会上她一首歌也没有唱。 ④At no time will China be the first to use the nuclear weapons. 中国决不会首先使用核武器。 (3)在so/such ... that ... 句型中，若so/such ... 提到句首时。 ⑤So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想象它的速度。 (4)当“only＋状语(副词、介词短语或从句)”置于句首时。 ⑥Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法，你才可以解决这个问题。 (5)表语、状语或动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他时，句子要倒装。 ⑦Much as I like it, I'll not buy it. 尽管我很喜欢它，但我不会买。 ⑧Pretty as she is, she is not proud. 尽管她很漂亮，但她一点也不自负。 ⑨Try as he would, he might fail again. 尽管他要尝试，但可能还会失败。 (6)hardly ... when ..., no sooner ... than ..., not only ... (but) also ... 等结构中，把hardly, no sooner和not only提到句首时，其所在的主句要倒装。 ⑩Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry. 他一听到这个消息就哭了。 ⑪The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only