内容正文:
第11讲 名词性从句讲与练
【学习目标】
1.了解名词性从句的几种类型。
2.正确识别并运用名词性从句。
【基础知识】
考点一 名词性从句的不同类型及其结构
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,它是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句。
1.主语从句
①That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time.
这么长时间以来我听到的最好的消息就是你要来伦敦。
②What matters most in learning English is enough practice.
学习英语最重要的是足够的训练。
③It is none of your business what other people think about you. Believe yourself.
其他人怎么认为你,不关你的事,你尽管相信你自己。
④It is obvious to the students that they should get well prepared for their future.
显而易见,学生应该为他们的未来做好充分准备。
[归纳] 主语从句的结构:
(1)(连接词+主语+谓语+其他)+主句谓语+其他。
(2)It(形式主语)+主句谓语+其他+(连接词+主语+谓语+其他)。
2.宾语从句
①I'm afraid (that) I can't accept your invitation.
恐怕我不能接受你的邀请。
②Tom is a nice boy except that he is sometimes late for school.
汤姆除了有时候上学迟到外,是个很不错的男孩。
③I find it necessary that we should spend more time practising spoken English.
我发现花更多时间练习英语口语是必要的。
④I don't think that you should go abroad in the future.
我认为你将来不应该出国。
[归纳] 宾语从句的结构:
(1)及物动词(短语)/介词+连接词+从句主语+从句谓语+其他。
(2)及物动词+it+宾补+连接词+从句主语+从句谓语+其他。
(3)表示情感的形容词+连接词+从句主语+从句谓语+其他。
3.表语从句
①My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o'clock tomorrow morning.
我的决定是我们所有人明天早上6点出发。
②The reason for his absence is that his daughter suddenly fell ill.
他缺席的原因是他的女儿突然病了。
③As is known to us, China is no longer what she used to be.
众所周知,中国再也不是从前的样子了。
④One reason for her preference for city life is that she can have easy access to places like stores and restaurants.
她偏爱城市生活的一个原因是她可以很方便地进入像商店和饭店这样的地方。
[归纳] 表语从句的结构:
系动词+连接词+从句主语+从句谓语+其他。
4.同位语从句
①They made an official request that the meeting be postphoned.
他们已经正式请求将会议推迟。
②The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.
我们是否应该继续做实验的问题已经解决了。
③I have no idea when he will come back.
我不知道他将何时回来。
④I made a promise to myself that this year, my third year in Senior school, would be different.
我向自己保证:今年——我高中的第三年——将会是不同的一年。
[归纳] 同位语从句的结构:,名词+连接词+从句主语+从句谓语+其他。
[注意] 不难发现,同位语从句的结构与定语从句的结构极其相似,但同位语从句是对前面的表示抽象概念的名词的内容作进一步地解释说明,而定语从句是对前面的名词进行修饰、限制。
同位语从句常放在feeling, news, do