小学英语五升六暑期讲义第5讲：词汇专项

课程主题： 第5讲：词汇专项 教学目标： 掌握常考词汇题的解题方法和变形方式 教学内容 【进门测试】 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. A fairy ___________(help) the girl. 2. Don’t __________(take) off your coat. 3. Let ________(we) go and have a look. 4. The shoes don’t__________(fit) me. 5. Do you like__________(read) newspaper? 6. Do you _____________(understand) that story? 7. Who_________(have) to go back now? 8. She _________(come) and ___________(visit) every house. 9. I don’t have__________(some) new clothes. 【多元导学】 放暑假了，有没有一种魔法能帮我记单词呢？ 【互动精讲】 【知识梳理1】词性转换的概念 词性转换：指同一词根派生出来的名词（复数）、形容词、副词、数词、动词、过去式、动名词（动词的in g形式）以及反义词等词性的相互转换。 【例题精讲】 例：根据所给词的适当形式填空。 1.Li Ping is good at _________. ( draw) 2.Alice wants to do some__________. (shop) 3.Excuse me, what is the__________ of this word? (mean) 【知识梳理2】词性的主要分类 词性分类 例词 名词 sky, cloud, wind... 动词 play, kick... 形容词 nice, cute ... 副词 quickly, fast... 数词 one, two, three... 代词 it, they, me... 介词 in, at, on, after, before... ...... ...... 【知识梳理3】可数名词单数变复数 1.一般情况加s。如：boy—boys, chair—chairs 2.以s, x, ch, sh结尾的加es。如：box—boxes, watch—watches 3.以辅音y结尾的去y变i加es。 如：strawberry—strawberries 4.以fe, f结尾的, 把fe,f变成ve, 加s。如：knife—knives, wife—wives 5.特殊词。如：man—men, woman—women, foot—feet, tooth—teeth, mouse—mice 【例题精讲】 例：写出下列单词的复数。 sheep goose foot tooth photo tomato potato bus box leaf knife butterfly boy horse zoo mouse 【知识梳理4】动词变名词 直接加“er”,以字母“e”结尾的加“r” 如： 1. teach—teacher 2.work—worker 3.swim—swimmer 4.drive—driver 5. play—player 6.speak—speaker 7.write—writer 8.run-runner 【例题精讲】 例：用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.Do you want to be a _________ (write)? 2.My ___________ is a kind man(teach). 3.__________ are very important in our country(work). 【知识梳理5】动词变三单规律 1.大多数动词在词尾加s，如plays, wants, swims等。 2.以辅音字母加y结尾的，要先将y变为i，然后在加es读[iz]。如： fly－flies [iz]; carry－carries [iz]; study－