UNIT 2 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures（Word教参）-【优化指导】2021-2022学年新教材高中英语必修第二册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures [对应学生用书P30] [观察] 1．(教材P18)African elephants are being hunted. 2．(教材P18)What is being done to help them? 3．(教材P18)What measures are being taken to help them? 4．(教材P16)Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. 5. (教材P20)Billions of trees are being cut down every year to make paper for humans. 6．(教材P20)In this way a lot of animal homes are being destroyed! [归纳] 以上句子中的黑体部分为现在进行时的被动语态，其构成形式为be动词＋being＋动词(短语)的过去分词， be动词应随主语作相应的变化。 [对应学生用书P31] 现在进行时的被动语态 一、构成形式及其结构 形式 结构 肯定式 主语＋be动词(am, is, are)＋being＋done 否定式 主语＋be动词(am，is，are)＋not＋being＋done 一般疑问式 be动词(am, is, are)＋主语＋being＋done 特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词＋be动词(am, is, are)＋主语＋being＋done 二、表示意义 1．表示某事/某人此时此刻正在被…… The criminal is being watched over by a policeman. 那名罪犯正由一名警察看守。 The bridge is being repaired. 这座桥正在被修复。 2．表示某事/某人现阶段正在被…… Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days. 这些天许多有趣的实验正在进行。(说话时并不一定正在进行) 3．表示一种经常性的被动行为，常与always, constantly, frequently等词连用，表示赞赏(扬)、羡慕、讨厌等感情色彩。 I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is frequently being broken. 我感到非常吃惊的是我们教室的那扇窗户经常被打破。 4．与部分情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。 He may be being scolded by his father at the very moment. 也许此刻他正被他的父亲责骂。 三、注意要点 1．不可遗漏being 现在进行时的被动语态表示说话时正在进行的一个被动的动作，如果我们把being漏掉，即成为一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构。 Look！The children are being taken care of by their aunt. 瞧！孩子们正由他们的姑妈照看着。 Children are taken good care of at school. 孩子们在学校被照顾得很好。(一般现在时的被动语态) The report is being written by one of the best students. 报告正由一名最优秀的学生写着。 The report is well written.(系表结构) 这个报告写得很好。 2．现在进行时的被动语态也可以表示将来 现在进行时的被动语态有时可表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动动作(此种用法仅限于少数及物动词，如：hold, take等)。 A party is being held tonight. 今晚将要举行一场晚会。 3．不及物动词(短语)、非延续性动词、表示存在意义/所属关系/静态特征的动词以及系动词不用于现在进行时的被动语态。 [误]The book is being belonged to him. [正]The book belongs to him. 这本书是他的。 4．一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在等意义的动词，如have, want, need, like, realize等，一般不用于进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态表示此时此刻或目前主语正在承受谓语动词表示的动作。 [误]Mary, come here