内容正文:
第06练 祈使句
定义: 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子。
这种句子的主语是第二人称you,通常省略,谓语用动词原形
一.具体用法:
考点 1
当主语是第二人称you时,you通常被省略。这种祈使句一般以动词原形开头。它的否定形式是在动词原形前加Don't。
Be more careful next time.下次仔细点。
Come to school earlier next time.
下次早点来学校。
Don't play computer games.
不要玩电脑游戏。
考点 2
带有第一、第三人称主语的祈使句通常以let为引导词,一般用来提建议。
Let's watch the cartoon now.现在我们看卡通片吧。
Let's/Let me祈使句的否定形式是Let's/Let me not…或Don't let's/let me …;
“Let + 第三人称”的否定形式为Don't let + 第三人称 …
Let's not play soccer in the street.我们不要在街上踢足球。
Don't let her watch so much TV.不要让她看这么多电视。
注意:在祈使句的句首或句尾加please,可以使祈使句的语气更委婉。注意:在句尾加please时,要在please前加逗号。
Please speak loudly.=Speak loudly,please.请大声讲话。
二.口诀:
祈使句无主语,主语you常省去;
动词原形谓语当,句首加don't否定变;
朗读应当用降调,句末常标感叹号。
三、结构:
肯定结构:
1. Do型 Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。
2. Be型 Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!
3. Let型 Let me help you. 让我来帮你。
否定结构:
1.Do型和Be型
否定式:在句首加don't构成。
Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到!
2.Let型的否定式有两种:
“Don't let sb do sth./ “Let sb not do sth
Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
3.有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
No smoking! 禁止吸烟! No fishing! 禁止钓鱼 No parking! 禁止停车
四、与please 连用,表示委婉语气
Please open the window. Please don’t open the window.
五、祈使句的回答
祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作,所以回答祈使句时,一般用will或won’t在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时,要注意形式一致,即Yes与will保持一致;No与won’t保 持一致。
— Please check your answer!
· Yes, I will.
一、单项选择
1. ________ a list of things you want to buy before you go shopping. That will save you a lot of time and money.
A.Make B.Making C.To make
2.________ kind and helpful to the people around us, and we will make the world a better place to live in.
A.Be B.Being C.To be
3.________ ways to get on well with your classmates, or you will make yourself lonely.
A.Found B.To find C.Finding D.Find
4.Put on your coat before leaving, ________ you may get ill.
A.and B.but C.so D.or
5.Stop eating junk food, ________ you will put on much weight.
A.but B.so C.and D.or
6.—Sorry, sir, you have to show your travel code first ________ you are not allowed to get in.
—Here it