第04讲 定语从句-【暑假自学课】2023年新高一英语暑假精品课（外研版2019必修第一册）

第04讲 定语从句 【学习目标】 1. 区别关系代词和关系副词的判定。 2. 掌握非限制性从句的用法。 【基础知识】 定语是什么？ 基本概念： (1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。 定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面。 (2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。 先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。 (3) 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系词的作用： A. 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词； B. 必在从句中作某个句子成份 C, 指代先行词 关系词 指代人或物 定语从句中充当的成分 关系 代词 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 which 物或主句内容 主语、宾语 who 人 主语或宾语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人或物 定语 关系 副词 when 时间 状语 where 地点 状语 why 原因 状语 定语从句三步曲： 第一找出先行词； 第二找出定语从句 第三看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）； 结构：名词/代词（先行词）+关系代词/副词+定语从句 【考点剖析】 考点一：关系代词 考向1：关系代词基本用法 1. 指人时可以用who，也可用that。 1） The man who/that lives next to us is a policeman. 2） Do you know the girl who/that is in red? 2. 指物时可以用which，也可用that。 1) I like music that/which I can dance to. 2) What do you think of the movie that/which was shown last night? 活学活用： 1. I love singers . Singers write their own songs. 改写： who在从句中用作主语。 2. He is the man . I met the man yesterday. 改写： who在从句中用作宾语。 3. I like music. I can dance to music. 改写： that在从句中用作宾语。 4. I prefer a sandwich. A sandwich is really delicious. 改写： that在从句中用作主语。 注意：1）that 和who 在句中做主语时不能省略，做宾语时可以省略。 I like music (that) I can dance to. He is the man (who) I met yesterday. 2）定语从句中谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致. I prefer movies that are scary. I like a sandwich that is really delicious. I love singers who are beautiful. I have a friend who plays sports. 3. Whose可以指人，也可以指物。 whose 在定语从句中作定语。 1） She is a beautiful girl whose hair is brown. 2） There is a desk whose legs are broken. 难点：whose: 属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。 “whose + 名词 = the + 名词 + of which”。 N1 + whose +N2 = N1, the N2 of which 活学活用： 1、 Look out ! Don't get too close to the house _______ roof is under repair. Look out ! Don't get too close to the house，the roof_______ is under repair. 　　A. whose B. which　C. of which D. what 2、Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, and _______ was very reasonable. 　 A.