Day 09 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句与感叹句-2022年暑假新七年级【初小衔接】必备英语知识抢先学(通用版)

2022年暑假新七年级初小衔接英语知识抢先学(通用版)

陈述句、疑问句、祈使句与感叹句

1、陈述句

说明事实或陈述说话人观点的句子。基本结构：主语＋谓语＋其他

1）肯定陈述句  We all like pandas very much.

2）否定陈述句  He doesn’t do housework at weekends

3）肯定陈述句改否定陈述句

①一般是在be动词或情态动词后加not。

Mary was at school yesterday. —> Mary was not at school yesterday.

I can make a model plane. —>I can not make a model plane.

②不含be动词或情态动词的，行为动词前要用助动词的否定式（don’t，doesn’t，didn’t），后面跟动词的原形。

He likes drawing pictures.—>He doesn’t like drawing pictures.

I went to the park yesterday. —>I didn’t go to the park yesterday.

4）陈述句改一般疑问句

①有be动词或情态动词的，把be动词或情态动词提前。

   Mary was at school yesterday. —> Was Mary at school yesterday?

   I can make a model plane. —> Can you make a model plane?

②不含be动词或情态动词的句子，借助助动词开头，动词还原成原形。

   He likes drawing pictures.—>Does he like drawing pictures.

   I went to the park yesterday. —>Did you go to the park yesterday?

2、祈使句

表示请求或命令别人做某事或不做某事。

1）用于第二人称，通常省略you。

①肯定祈使句：Open the door, please. 

②否定祈使句：Don’t be late again.

2）用于第一人称和第三人称，通常以let（let后跟宾格）或shall开头。

Let me have a look.   Let’s play a game now.  Let him go home now.

Shall we meet at one thirty in front of the Garden Theatre?

3、感叹句

表达喜怒哀乐等强烈感情，句尾常用感叹号（!），语气用降调。

1）what + 名词或名词性短语

What a big garden (it is)!

What an interesting storybook (it is) !

What lovely weather (it is)!

What pretty girls (they are)!

2）how +形容词或副词＋主语＋动词

How nice!

How beautiful the flowers are!

How tall Yao Ming is!

4.疑问句：用来提出问题，询问情况的句子，末尾用问号。

（1）一般疑问句：一般疑问句常用来询问一件事是否属实，通常以be动词，助动词或情态动词开头，用yes或no来回答，因此又叫是非疑问句，通常读升调。

（1）—Is Mr Green from the UK? 

—Yes，he is. / No，he isn’t.

（2）—Do you have any hobbies? 

—Yes，I do. / No，I don’t.

（3）—Can you play the guitar? 

—Yes，I can. / No，I can’t.

（2）特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词引导，要求回答具体问题，不能用yes或no来回答。

例如：—How do you go to work every day? 

—I go to work by car.

（3）选择疑问句：提供两种或两种以上情况，让对方选择，往往用or连接。

例如：—Would you like some tea or coffee? 

—Some coffee, please.

（4）反意疑问句：反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。

例如：—It’s a fine day, isn’t it?

— Yes ,it is.

1. My grandma ________ sleeps too much ________ eats too much.

A. doesn’t; or B. never; or C. never, and D. doesn’t; and

2. Mrs Green _________ wash the clothes by herself, because the washing machine can help her.

A. hasn’t to B. needn’t to C. doesn’t have to D. has to

3. Take a bottle of water with you, ________ you ________ thirsty on the way.

A. and; will feel B. and; won’t feel C. or; won’t feel D. but; won’t feel

4. You ________ worry about your homework. It’s better ________ a rest if you are tired.

A. don’t have to; to have B. don’t need to; having

C. have not to; to have D. needn’t; having

5. He ________ stay in the classroom. He can go out to play now.

A. hasn’t B. doesn’t have to C. hasn’t to D. has to

6. I ________ any food now, because I had a bowl of noodles just now.

A. need to B. don’t need to C. don’t need D. needn’t

7. I’d rather ________ at home because I haven’t done outdoor activities for a long time.

A. to stay B. not stay C. stay D. not to stay

8. They ________ their homework yesterday.

A. didn’t B. don’t C. didn’t do D. don’t do

9. We ________ a good time yesterday because it rained heavily.

A. have B. had C. don’t have D. didn’t have

10. It’s very warm outside. You __________ wear the coat.

A. must B. don’t have to C. have to D. mustn’t

11. —________?

—She usually goes to school on foot.

A. What time does she go home B. Why does she go there