unit2 Family and friends（知识点串讲）-【中职专用】高一英语期末复习大串讲（江苏适用）

Unit 2 Family and friend重点词汇 nearby adv. 在附近，不远 network n. 网络；关系网 loner n. 独来独往的人 friendship n. 友谊 advice n. 建议，劝告 outgoing adj. 友好的，外向的 shy adj. 羞怯的，腼腆的 criticize v. 批评，指责 haircut n. 发型；理发 end v. 结束，终止 enemy n. 敌人，仇人 maybe adv. 大概，或许 jealous adj. 嫉妒的 hate v. 厌恶，讨厌 bossy adj. 好指使人的，专横的 unfortunate adj. 不幸的，倒霉的 fortunate adj. 幸运的 重点短语 give up 放弃 speak up 大声说出来 get along 应付，相处 show up 露面 grow apart 产生隔阂 comment on 对……评论 circle of friends 朋友圈 argue with 与某人争吵 fight against 与……作斗争 let sb down 让某人失望 get involved in 参与 make sure 确信；确保 ought to 应该 used to do 过去常常做某事 重点语法 直接引语&间接引语 1. 定义 直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。用自己的话转述别人所说的话，叫间接引语。 直接引语一般前后都要加引号，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语变为间接引语通常是将原句变成宾语从句。 2. 人称的变化 “一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如： She said. "My brother wants to go with me." →She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如： He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?" →He asked Kate how her sister was then。 “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr. Smith said: "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker。 3. 时态的变化 直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。 现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如： 1) She said. "I have lost a pen." →She said she had lost a pen. 2) She said. "We hope so." →She said they hoped so. 3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。 4. 直接引语变间接引语的方法 ①直接引语是陈述句时 间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。 He said, "You are younger than I.” He said (that) I was younger than him. ② 直接引语是一般疑问句时 间接引语变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句，主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。 She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?" →She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers. She asked me, "You have seen the film, haven’t you?" →S