高中英语外刊阅读60篇（2022第九期）

今年春天，美国卫生部长凯瑟琳·西贝利厄斯说，对于一些人而言，肥胖“好比烟 瘾”。在此一个月前，美国国家药物滥用研究所所长诺拉·沃尔考博士在洛克菲勒大 学发表了演讲，陈述食物成瘾与药物成瘾非常相似，特别在于二者都破坏了大脑中参 与愉悦体验和自我控制的部分。 本文节选自：The WSJ（2020.04.13） Why ice cream cravings, food addiction symptoms Earlier this year, scientists at the Oregon Research Institute conducted brain-scan studies on children who looked at pictures of chocolate milkshakes and later consumed shakes. Their findings suggest that just as drug abusers and alcoholics need increasingly larger doses over time, children who are regular ice-cream eaters may require more and more ice cream for the reward centers of their brains to indicate that they are satisfied. Dr.Pamela Peeke, assistant professor at the University of Maryland and author of“The Hunger Fix,” says that meditation and exercise can help engage the brain to overcome food addiction.As a heroin user might rely on methadone to alleviate withdrawal, food addicts, she says, should seek alternatives that still give pleasure—a fruit smoothie, for example, instead of ice cream. Food addiction seems to be linked to the types of foods we’re consuming. Dr.Kelly D.Brownell, di‐ rector of Yale’s Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity, notes that the human body is biologically adapted to deal with foods found in nature, not processed foods. Dr. David A. Kessler, the former F. D. A. commissioner, described these products as“hyperpalat‐ able"foods created to tantalize our taste buds by focusing on the right combination of salty, sweet and fatty ingredients along with“mouth-feel.” Brownell says that the brain science should lead us to question how food companies are manipulat‐ ing their products to get us hooked.“With these foods, personal will and good judgment get overridden. People want these foods,dream about these foods, crave them.” 01 Introduction 想吃冰淇淋？你可能对食物上瘾了 第一篇 1 英语外刊阅读 今年早些时候，俄勒冈研究所的科学家们进行了一项实验：让儿童观看巧克力奶昔的照片，然后 让他们喝奶昔，并扫描他们的大脑。他们的研究成果显示，正如瘾君子和嗜酒者对毒品和酒精的需 求日渐增强一样，平时经常吃冰激凌的儿童需要吃越来越多的冰激凌才能让大脑的奖励中枢作出心 满意足的反应。 《战胜饥饿》的作者、马里兰大学助理教授帕米拉·皮克博士说，