Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Learning about Language——直接引语与间接引语（Word教参）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2021-2022学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Learning About Language——直接引语与间接引语 将下列教材中的直接引语变为间接引语并体会它们的变化 1．The expert said, “From the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died.” __The_expert_said_that_from_the_position_of_its_dead_body，the_bear_appeared_to_have_starved_and_died.__ 2．The reporter asked, “Will polar bears die out because of climate change？” __The_reporter_asked_whether/if_polar_bears_would_die_out_because_of_climate_change.__ 3．The reporter asked, “How can we save polar bears from extinction？” __The_reporter_asked_how_we_could_save_polar_bears_from_extinction.__ 4．“Let's work together to stop climate change，” the expert said. __The_expert_advised_us_to_work_together_to_stop_climate_change.__ 直接引语是直接引述别人的原话，直接引语一般前后要加引号。间接引语是用自己的话对别人的话进行转述，不用引号： 一、人称变化的三原则 1．“第一人称随主”原则 如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。 ►Mary said, “I want to have a computer of my own.” 玛丽说：“我想拥有一台我自己的电脑。”(直接引语内为第一人称) →Mary said that she wanted to have a computer of her own. 玛丽说，她想拥有一台她自己的电脑。(间接引语中随主语改为第三人称) 2．“第二人称随宾”原则 如果从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。 ►Her colleague said to her, “Who did you ask for a leave？”她的同事对她说：“你向谁请了假？”(直接引语中为第二人称) →Her colleague asked her who she had asked for a leave.她的同事问她向谁请了假。(间接引语中随宾语改为第三人称) 3．“第三人称不更新”原则 指直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语中出现的第三人称的代词一般不需要变化。 ►Mr Li said, “Jack is a good worker.” 李先生说：“杰克是一位好工人。”(直接引语为第三人称) →Mr Li said Jack was a good worker. 李先生说杰克是一位好工人。(改为间接引语后人称不变) [即时训练1]——将下列句子改为间接引语 (1)He said, “I am proud of my motherland.” →__He_said_that_he_was_proud_of_his_motherland.__ (2)“You are wasting your time daydreaming！”he said to Mary. →__He_told_Mary_that_she_was_wasting_her_time_day­dreaming.__ (3)Mr Smith said, “Mary's voice is wonderful.” →__Mr_Smith_said_Mary's_voice_was_wonderful.__ 二、时态的变化 直接引语变间接引语时动词变化如下表： 直接引语 间接引语 句子时态 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 ►His friend said to him, “We are planning to have a picnic.” 他的朋友对他说：“我们计划去野餐。”(直接引语为现在进行