专题02 议论文-【中职专用】中职高考英语二轮复习专项突破

专题02 议论文 解题技巧 议论文也就是说理性的文章,通常由论点、论据、论证过程和结论组成。作者往往根据一些很普通的事实,通过严谨的思维,缜密的推理得出一个具有普遍性或指导性的观点。该类文章逻辑性强,命题往往从事实的有关细节以及文章的主旨或作者的表达意图等方面着手,考查我们的思维能力和判断能力。 为了突出写作目的,作者常在文章开头就提出论点, 以便读者对作者观点有一个比较清晰的了解。提出论点之后, 作者就会提供论据来论证论点是否正确。作者可以用来论证的方法较多, 最为常见的方法是正反论证, 这样的论证思路清晰, 观点明确, 说服力强,震憾度高。论证结束之后, 作者常就论点是否正确提出明确结论,它体现作者的写作目的和文章的现实意义。也就是说,议论文一般会按提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的逻辑顺序来安排层次。 从近几年的高考英语试题来看,议论文类阅读理解的命题类型主要有: 1.主旨题:考查考生对于议论文基本观点的理解,是主旨题设题的目的。做这种类型的题目要弄清作者想说什么,即作者写此文章的目的。 2.推理判断题:这种题型的特点是以事实为依据,但其结果又绝不是事实本身。它主要测试考生的逻辑思维能力,侧重于推理。 3.细节题:细节题也是议论文试题的主要题型。这种题要求考生理解文中的具体观点和具体事实。 4.词义理解题。英语词语的词意非常丰富,语境不同,词意也不同,要专心揣摩在上下文中的含义。 解题时,抓论点、寻论据。阅读议论文我们要抓住论题,即作者提出的观点、给出的例证及最后得出的结论。抓住了论题,我们就把握了中心。 解题时注重文章结构,理清文章脉络。把握文章结构,有利于对文章大意的理解。 体会文章语言特点,把握作者写作态度,准确进行推理判断。能否正确把握作者的观点和态度是体现阅读能力的重要方面。一般来说,对作者的总的态度和倾向,必须在通读全文,掌握了论点和论据后,方能做出判断。 真题再现 1.2016年山东春考 Even in early times, people could realize the importance of dreams and knew that dreams gave meaning to life. Every great achievement(成就) has been the result of years of dreaming. If a person has a dream and holds fast to it, he or she will find a way to bring i into reality(现实), Children do not have much experience or knowledge. However, they are natural dreamers. We should not laugh at them for their being naive. With their rich imagination, they will come up with fantastic dreams. History is full of examples. Many great men were dreamers when they were children. One such dreamer was Thomas Edison. He used to be laughed at when he was in primary school, but his achievements were greater than anyone else's in his time. Teenagers and young people should also be encouraged to dream. They dreamed big and their dreams changed their lives and even the world. The world is full of successful teenagers and young people. Steve Jobs and Bill Gates are the good examples. They have developed technology and brought great progress to human besides making money for themselves. Old people should believe that it is never too late to dream and that human is never too old to make dr