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核心句式选必3Unit 1 Wish you were here
2021-2022学年高二英语下册链接教材精准变式练(译林版2020)
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教材核心词汇知识链接及典例解读
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一.While的用法
教材p3 line21:The major ethnic groups, for example, include the English, Scottish and French, while the minority groups include residents from Singapore and the Pacific Islands.
例如,主要的族群包括英格兰人、苏格兰人和法国人,而少数族裔包括来自新加坡和太平洋岛屿的居民。
一)While作为并列连词,意思为“⽽,然⽽”,表前后意义上的对⽐或转折。
Some people waste food while others haven't enough.有些⼈浪费粮⾷,然⽽有些⼈却吃不饱。
二)while引导状语从句,有以下两种含义:
1.表⽰某个动作正在进⾏的同时,另⼀动作也在进⾏之中,这时主从句都⽤进⾏时态,有对同类的两个动作进⾏对⽐的意味.如:
While I was playing the piano,she was dancing.我在弹钢琴,她在跳舞.
2.表⽰某个动作正在进⾏时,⼜发⽣了另⼀动作(该动作⽤⼀般过去时).如:
While we were swimming in the river,we saw a fish jump out of the water.我们正在河中游泳时,看见⼀条鱼跃出了⽔⾯.
三)while还有如下意思
1.只要(=as long as)
There will be life while there is water and air.只要有空⽓和⽔,就会有⽣命.
2.⽽;然⽽〔表⽰对⽐〕
He is a driver while I'm a teacher.他是司机,⽽我是⽼师.
3.虽然(=although);尽管〔表⽰让步〕
While I see what you say,I can't agree with you.虽然我能理解你说的话,但是我不能同意你.
4.⽤作名词,表⽰“⼀会⼉或⼀段时间”,常与a,the或this等连⽤.如:
Just wait a while and then I will help you.等⼀下,我会来帮你的.
四)while所引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词只能是延续性动词。
例如:I met with an old friend of mine while(when) I was walking along the street.
五)while 引导状语从句时,应注意以下⼏点:
1.while 引导的时间状语从句既可放在句⾸,也可放在句末;⽽ while 引导的让步状语从句⼀般放在句⾸,不放在句末.另外,也可以从意义上加以区分.
While he was tired, he went on working.(虽然他累了,但他还是继续⼯作.)(while 引导让步状语从句)
While he was tired, he would have a rest.(他累了就休息⼀会⼉.)(while 引导时间状语从句)
2. while 引导让步状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,那么从句的主语和谓语动词 be 都可以省略.
例如:While he was ill, he went there. (= While ill, he went there.)(虽然他有病,但他还是去那⾥了.)
3. while 和 when 都可以引导时间状语从句,但应注意: while 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词;⽽ when 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词,也可以是⾮延续性动词.当时间状语从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时, while 和 when 可以互相替换.
The bus had left when we arrived at the bus stop.(当我们到达车站时,公共汽车已经开⾛了.)(arrive 是⾮延续性动词,因此,此句中的 when 不能⽤while 替换.)
When / While we were having a meeting, our teacher came in.(我们正在开会时,⽼师⾛了进来.)(have 是延续性动词,因此,句中的 when 可以⽤ while 替换.)
4. while 引导的状语从句还可以表⽰“某个动作正在进⾏的同时,另⼀个动作也在进⾏之中”.
例如:While the teacher