10 语法专题十 时态和语态-2022德州中考英语【智乐星中考·中考备战】精讲本(外研版)

语法专题十　时态和语态 命题点1　动词的时态 备考时考生应注意熟练掌握六种基本时态所表示的意义，以及其结构和相关时间状语。解答此类试题时，可根据具体语境、时间标志词、从句和主句的时态搭配、固定句型等判断出正确答案。 考法❶　一般现在时 1．结构： (1)主语＋am/is/are (2)主语＋动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式 2．用法： (1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作或状态，常见的时间标志词有：always, usually, often, never等频度副词，every day/week/month/year等。例如： She often works on weekends.她经常在周末工作。 There are four seasons in a year.一年有四季。 (2)表示客观事实和真理。例如： The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳东升西落。 (3)主将从现：若一个复合句含有由when, after, before, until, as soon as等引导的时间状语从句或由if, unless, as long as, once等引导的条件状语从句， 主句若用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。例如： I will tell Kate the good news as soon as she comes back.凯特一回来，我就告诉她这个好消息。 (4)表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作，用一般现在时表将来，但仅限于start, begin, leave, go, come, arrive等。例如： The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.火车明天早上六点发车。 用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1．(2021·湖北十堰中考改编)Mid­Autumn Day usually ________(come) on August 15th in the lunar calendar(阴历) every year. 2．(2021·黑龙江龙东农垦·森工中考改编)In the past, people didn't know that light ________(travel) faster than sound. 3．(2021·北京中考改编)—Lily, what do you usually do after school? —I ________(do) exercise with my friends. 考法❷　一般过去时 1．结构： (1)主语＋was/were (2)主语＋动词过去式 2．用法： (1)表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常见的时间标志词有：yesterday，ago，last night/week/month, just now, in the past, in＋过去的年份，long long ago, once upon a time等。例如： Mr Smith came to see you just now.史密斯先生刚才来看你。 (2)表示过去经常性或反复发生的动作，常与always, usually, often, sometimes, never等频度副词连用。例如： When I was in the countryside, I often walked to school.我在乡下时，经常走路上学。 (3)在since引导的时间状语从句中，从句用一般过去时。例如： My uncle has worked in the company since he came here.我叔叔自从来到这以后便一直在这家公司工作。 用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1．(2021·云南昆明中考改编)—What did you do this Dragon Boat Festival? —I ________(watch) the boat races on TV and read books. 2．(2021·广西贵港中考改编)—Where does Bill live? —He ________(tell) me his address, but I can't remember it now. 3．(2021·江苏盐城中考改编)During Dr Ma's last visit, he ________(operate) on 150 patients on the ORBIS plane. 4．(2021·北京中考改编)My parents and I ________(plant) trees last Sunday. 考法❸　一般将来时 1．结构： (1)主语＋am/is/are go