专题07 语法无忧 动词我有-【口袋书】2022年中考英语必背知识手册（思维导图+必备知识手册）（牛津上海版）

专题07 语法无忧 动词我有 动词专题梳理 1.知识点 动词的分类 动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类，即行为动词(也称实义动词)、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。 行为动词 (1)行为动词(实义动词)是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整，可以单独作谓语。例如： I live in Beijing with my mother. It has a round face. (2)行为动词(即实义动词)按其是否需要宾语，可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。 u0081①及物动词 后面必须跟宾语，意思才完整，例如： Give me some ink，please. If you have any questions，you can raise your hands. ②不及物动词 后面不能跟宾语，例如： Jack runs faster than Mike. Please look at the blackboard and listen to me. He got an“A”this time because he went over his lessons care-fully (3)行为动词按其动作状态又分成延续性和非延续性 u0081延续性动词：动作是可持续的，如live, stay, study, work, teach等，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。 ‚非延续性动词：动作是瞬间的，动作一发生马上结束，如lend, borrow, die, begin, stop, go, come等，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 He has been here for five days. （这里不能用has arrived here） The film has been on for ten minutes. （这里不能用has begun） 2.动词短语 动词与介词、副词等构成的固定短语，叫作动词短语。动词短语主要有四类： 1．动词＋副词。 常见的有give up,think over,take off,write down,put off,put on,talk back,turn off,look up,pick up等。这些词组的宾语如果是名词时，既可放在副词前面，又可放在副词之后；宾语如果是人称代词或反身代词时，则要放在动词和副词中间。如： They have decided to put off the meeting.＝They have decided to put the meeting off. 他们已经决定推迟会议了。 Smoking is bad for your health. You must give it up.吸烟有害健康，你必须戒掉它。 2．动词＋介词。 常见的有ask for,care about,look for,look after,look at,listen to,pay for,send for,laugh at,hear of(from),get over等。 如：We shouldn't laugh at others.我们不应该嘲笑别人。 3．动词＋副词＋介词。 常见的有look down up on, get on with, catch up with等。 如：If you study hard, you'll catch up with your classmates. 如果你努力学习，你将会赶上你的同班同学。 4．动词＋名词＋介词。 常见的有take care of,make use of,pay attention to,make fun of,take pride in,take part in等。 如：Please pay more attention to details. 3.常用动词搭配梳理 使用频率较高的这类动词有：call，cut，come，go，get，look，put，set，turn，take，pay，pick，make 等。常见的介词或副词有：in，off，out，up，away，for，on，over等。 动词+about speak／talk about 谈论　　 　 think about 思考 care about 关心，对……有兴趣 bring about 引起，使发生 set about 着手，开始 　 hear about 听说 worry about 为……担心 动词+away throw away 扔掉 　　　　　　　 blow away 吹