专题6.非谓语动词-2022届新高考英语基础记忆及题型解题技巧

非谓语动词 非谓语动词概述 1．什么是非谓语动词？ 非谓语动词是动词的特殊形式，在句子中可以充当谓语以外的成分。 2．非谓语动词在句子中的作用 一个句子中已存在一个主句(含谓语动词)，又没有连词的情况下，再出现一个动词则用非谓语动词。 eg.She got off the bus，but she left her handbag on the seat.(有并列连词，所以用谓语动词) She got off the bus，leaving her handbag on the seat.(没有连词，所以用非谓语动词) 3．非谓语动词的种类：动词的-ing形式、过去分词和不定式。 解题技巧 1．分析句子结构，判断是谓语动词还是非谓语动词 首先判定所给提示词是否充当句子的谓语，如果句子不缺少谓语，那就是非谓语动词。 2．找逻辑主语，再判断与动词之间的关系 (1)非谓语动词作定语时，其逻辑主语是被修饰词；作状语时，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语；作补语时，其逻辑主语是动词或介词的宾语。 (2)如果逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是主谓关系，则用现在分词；如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，则用过去分词。 但是当含有被动意义时，如果非谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果非谓语动词表示的动作正在进行，则用现在分词形式的被动式。 3．判断所给动词与谓语动词发生的先后顺序 (1)to have done，having done表示该动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前； (2)to be doing，doing表示该动作与谓语动词表示的动作(几乎)同时发生。 例子 1.It was he that first set up private schools and accepted students from every walk of life without 　　　 (consider) their social status.   2.In my mind, they’re helping us to become calm and consider　　　(win)and solving real problems as well.  3.In the beginning, I wasn’t used to talk to strangers.　　　　　  4.You can make more friends from different parts of the country by serve them when working there.　　　　　  5.For many people, especially those 　　　(live) in the old parts of towns, this is undoubtedly a problem.  6.This site reports science news　　　(cover)a wide range of subjects.  7.　　　(have) a balanced and healthy diet is another good choice.  8.Peking opera has a rich list of plays, artists, troupes(剧团), and wide influences, 　　　(make)it the leading opera in China.  9.After school, I went back home on time to help my parents do some housework while enjoy some light music.　　　　　  【答案】1 considering2　　winning3　　talk→talking4　　serve→serving5　　living6　　covering7　　Having 8making9　　enjoy→enjoying 1.The food　　　(prepare) in this way keeps its fresh flavor and it’s this flavor that attracts people from other countries to the art of Chinese cooking.  2.As he unwrapped the gift, he saw that it was a book　　　 (name) The Greatest Story Ever Told.  3.For his second appearance in front of the camera, Chaplin