内容正文:
1. 各地中考试题中有关数词的考点,主要集中在基数词、序数词及分数上,如:
① 基数词的读法;
② 序数词的形式;
③ 基数词与所修饰的复数名词之间的关系;
④ 整百和整千(百万、十亿)等数词的用法;
⑤ 数词与名词和形容词组成复合形容词的形式等。
2. 近几年的中考试题中基数词与序数词有隔年考察的趋势。
数词是用来表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。除基数词和序数词外,和数词相关的还有分数、小数、倍数、百分数等。
数词在初中年级的学习分布如下:
How old are you?
Tom, Jim, Linda and Ann are brothers and sisters. I don't know how old each of them is. I only know that one of them is thirteen; one is twelve; one of the boys is fifteen and one of the girls is fourteen. I also know that Tom is older than Linda, but Ann isn't.
How old is Ann?
How old is Jim?
How old is Linda?
How old is Tom?
参考答案:
Ann is fourteen.
Jim is fifteen.
Linda is twelve.
Tom is thirteen
基数词
1. 基数词的构成方式
表示数目多少的数词叫基数词。它的构成方式如下:
1---one
13---thirteen
20---twenty
100---a / one hundred
2---two
14---fourteen
21---twenty-one
101---one hundred and one
3---three
15---fifteen
22---twenty-two
110---one hundred and ten
4---four
16---sixteen
23---twenty-three
156---one hundred and fifty-six
5---five
17---seventeen
30---thirty
1,000---a / one thousand
6---six
18---eighteen
40---forty
3,895---three thousand, eighty hundred and ninety-five
7---seven
19---nineteen
50---fifty
1,000,000---a / one million
8---eight
60---sixty
1,000,000,000---a / one billion
9---nine
70---seventy
10---ten
80---eighty
11---eleven
90---ninety
12---twelve
我们可以得出下面的规律:
① 1-12为独立的单词,有其各自的形式;
② 13-19都以teen结尾,单词中的两个音节都读重音;
③ 20-90之间“整十”都以-ty结尾,单词中的第一个音节重读;
④ 20-99之间的“几十几”,十位和个位之间加连字符“-”;
⑤ 101-999之间的非整百的基数词的读法为:百位数和十位数(或个位数)之间用and连接;
⑥ 四位数或四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律为:用逗号从右向左每三位加一个逗号,第一个逗号前用thousand,第二个逗号前用million,第三个逗号前用billion;读数时从左向右一次读出来。
如:3, 728, 221, 969可读为 three billion, seven hundred and twenty-eight million, two hundred and twenty-one thousand, nine hundred and sixty-nine
基数词的构成口诀:
1至12独立词,13至19-teen加起,
20至90整十位,-ty结尾是后缀;
几十几,连字符“-”莫忘记;
几百几,hundred后面and立。
【即学即练】
用英文读出并写出下列数字:
107 __________
25, 302 __________
3, 227, 346 __________
7, 201, 750, 110 __________
参考答案:
one hundred and seven
twen