内容正文:
语法填空策略讲练
1.积累基础词汇,掌握常用的短语
对于常用的、易错的词要多下功夫记忆,如动词过去式、过去分词的不规则变化,构词法中常见的词缀等,都要熟记在心。
2.系统掌握语法知识,了解语法功能
学生要了解各项语法功能,要能够准确分析句子结构和句子成分。关于句法,学生要准确判断从句的类型,并熟练掌握各种引导词的用法。
3.强化语篇意识,提高理解能力
平时可以选择一些难度中等的文章进行精读,研究文章的写作思路、结构特点等。与此同时,及时总结经验,提高在语篇情境下的解题能力,从而提高解题准确率,取得理想的成绩。
一.有提示词
词汇派生
考查加前缀或后缀构成的派生词
词形转换
名词、代词的数、格及反身代词
名词主要考查单数变为复数,代词主要考查人称代词变为物主代词。另外,还需关注反身代词。
比较等级
主要考查形容词、副词变为比较级和最高级。
动词
动词的时态和语态
考查动词的时态、语态、语气和主谓一致等。
非谓语动词
考查动词的ing形式、ed形式和不定式形式。
技法 1 若句子没有别的谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与其是并列关系时,所填动词就是谓语动词,这时就要考虑时态和语态。
This coastal area was named (name) a national wildlife reserve last year.
She was phoning (phone) someone,so I nodded to her and went away.
技法 2 若句子中已有谓语动词,又不是并列关系时,所填动词通常是非谓语动词,这时就要确定是动词的ing形式,ed形式,还是不定式形式。
(1)作目的状语只能用不定式的一般式,可位于句首或句尾。
To complete (complete) the project as planned,we'll have to work two more hours a day.
(2)作伴随状语一般用动词的ing形式。
When I was little,my mother used to sit by my bed,telling (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.
(3)非谓语动词作后置定语时,表示被动的、已完成的动作用过去分词;表示被动的、正在进行的动作用being done;表示被动的、尚未进行的动作用to be done。
The bridge built (build) in 2012 was designed by a local company.
The bridge being built (build) now was designed by a local company.
The bridge to be built (build) next year was designed by a local company.
技法 3 当空格后所给的提示词是名词,且作主语或宾语时,通常考查该名词的复数形式。
For most of us the changes (change)are gradual.
We have a variety of emotions (emotion) like sadness,anger,fear,enthusiasm and happiness.
技法 4 当空格后所给的提示词是动词,并且所填的词在句中作主语或宾语时,通常考查该动词所派生出的名词。
Once you reach that point in life,happiness and satisfaction (satisfy) can't be too far away.
These people have made great contributions (contribute) to China with their work.
技法 5 当空格后所给的提示词是形容词,并且所填的词在句中作状语,通常考查该形容词所派生出的副词。
He was unhappy to see the customer walk out of the restaurant angrily (angry).
So you see reading books is really (real) a wonderful hobby.
技法 6 当空格后所给的提示词是副词时,通常考查该副词的比较等级。
The harder (hard) you work,the greater progress you will make.
Why are you killing your time this way? You sh